Best known to the public for championing the use of vitamin C for health purposes and for winning the Nobel Peace Prize, Linus Carl Pauling (1901–1994) was revered by his fellow scientists as a prolific researcher who made significant contributions to our understanding of chemical bonding and chemical structure.

Pauling is probably best known for working out the nature of the chemical bond, yet he also discovered (among many other accomplishments) the cause of sickle cell anemia, developed an accurate oxygen meter for submarines, helped create synthetic plasma, and determined the structure of proteins. The activism.

In the 1950’s, Linus Pauling became known as the founder of molecular biology due to his discovery of the spiral structure of proteins (Taton, 1964). Pauling’s discoveries contributed to Watson and Crick’s breakthrough of the DNA double helix.

In 1970 Linus Pauling claimed that vitamin C prevents and alleviates the episodes of the common cold. Pauling was correct in concluding from trials published up till then, that in general vitamin C does have biological effects on the common cold, but he was rather over-optimistic as regards the size of benefit.

It is a potent antioxidant and a cofactor for a family of biosynthetic and gene regulatory enzymes. Vitamin C contributes to immune defense by supporting various cellular functions of both the innate and adaptive immune system.

Approximately 70%–90% of vitamin C is absorbed at moderate intakes of 30–180 mg/day. However, at doses above 1 g/day, absorption falls to less than 50% and absorbed, unmetabolized ascorbic acid is excreted in the urine [4].

Ascorbic acid: Also called L-ascorbic and L-ascorbate, ascorbic acid is vitamin C in its purest form. It’s the most bioavailable form, meaning it is readily absorbed by the body through the bloodstream. Sodium ascorbate: Pure ascorbic acid can be too acidic for some people’s stomach (and cause heartburn).

Regularly getting 1–2 grams of vitamin C per day may reduce the duration of common cold symptoms and boost your immune system. It might also help prevent iron deficiency anemia.

Supplements can help you feel better faster. Taking a daily multivitamin is probably a good idea to stay healthy if you eat poorly. But taking megadoses of a single vitamin or supplement has not been proven to help the immune system.

Vitamin C is thought to increase the production of white blood cells, which are key to fighting infections. Almost all citrus fruits are high in vitamin C. With such a variety to choose from, it’s easy to add a squeeze of this vitamin to any meal….1. Citrus fruits

• grapefruit.
• oranges.
• clementines.
• tangerines.
• lemons.
• limes.

Vitamin C is one of the biggest immune system boosters of all. In fact, a lack of vitamin C can even make you more prone to getting sick. Foods rich in vitamin C include oranges, grapefruits, tangerines, strawberries, bell peppers, spinach, kale and broccoli.

5 Ways to Boost Your Immune System

1. Maintain a healthy diet. As with most things in your body, a healthy diet is key to a strong immune system.
2. Exercise regularly.
3. Hydrate, hydrate, hydrate.
4. Get plenty of sleep.
5. Minimize stress.
6. One last word on supplements.

Inactivated vaccines also fight viruses and bacteria. These vaccines are made by inactivating, or killing, the germ during the process of making the vaccine. The inactivated polio vaccine is an example of this type of vaccine.

The reproductive cycle of viruses ranges from 8 hrs (picornaviruses) to more than 72 hrs (some herpesviruses). The virus yields per cell range from more than 100,000 poliovirus particles to several thousand poxvirus particles.

Antibiotics cannot kill viruses or help you feel better when you have a virus. Bacteria cause: Most ear infections. Some sinus infections.