QFT is hard because there is no rigorous maths underpinning it (you got $1,000,000 if you can come up with some), which makes it very handwavy sometimes. In particular, canonical quantisation is quite hard to get your head around the first time. It’s also usually taught badly.

Quantum fields are the quantum theoretical generalizations of classical fields. The two archetypal classical fields are Maxwell’s electromagnetic field and Einstein’s metric field of gravitation. In a quantum field theory, what we perceive as particles are excitations of the quantum field itself.

Every particle in the Universe, as we understand it, is a ripple, or excitation, or bundle-of-energy, of the underlying quantum field. This is true for the quarks, the gluons, the Higgs boson, and for all the other particles of the Standard Model.

Paul Dirac

Field theory. Field theory usually refers to a construction of the dynamics of a field, i.e. a specification of how a field changes with time or with respect to other independent physical variables on which the field depends.

Quantum mechanics suggests everything is made of quanta, or packets of energy, that can behave like both a particle and a wave—for instance, quanta of light are called photons. Detecting gravitons, the hypothetical quanta of gravity, would prove gravity is quantum. The problem is that gravity is extraordinarily weak.

Aside from the long-running Anti Gravity column in Scientific American, however, there is no such thing as antigravity. Gravity is a force arising among any two masses in the universe. As of yet, no technology exists to neutralize the pull of gravity.

One consequence of that: while scientists know of particles associated with the strong, weak and electromagnetic forces, they have yet to discover a particle of gravity, or graviton. “The most important result is the possibility of verifying the quantum nature of the gravitational field,” said Sawyer.

In theories of quantum gravity, the graviton is the hypothetical quantum of gravity, an elementary particle that mediates the force of gravity. There is no complete quantum field theory of gravitons due to an outstanding mathematical problem with renormalization in general relativity.

While time is a continuous quantity in both standard quantum mechanics and general relativity, many physicists have suggested that a discrete model of time might work, especially when considering the combination of quantum mechanics with general relativity to produce a theory of quantum gravity.

Now, we come to gravitational waves. These are sort of unique, because we’ve only seen the wave-like part of them, never the particle-based part. However, just like water waves are waves that are made of particles, we fully expect that gravitational waves are made of particles, too.

The best results, at the present time, tell us that the speed of gravity is between 2.993 × 10^8 and 3.003 × 10^8 meters per second, which is an amazing confirmation of General Relativity and a terrible difficulty for alternative theories of gravity that don’t reduce to General Relativity! (Sorry, Newton!)

Gravity (or the acceleration due to gravity) is 9.81 meters per second squared, on the surface of Earth, because of the size of Earth and the distance we are on its surface from its center. Throughout space, gravity actually is constant.

Color paints are mixed together to create darkness, because each color absorbs certain frequencies of light. Theoretically, mixing together the three primary colors, or the three secondary colors, will absorb all visible light and create black.

Most of us already know that darkness is the absence of light, and that light travels at the fastest speed possible for a physical object. In this respect, darkness has the same speed as light. However, in some instances, darkness actually moves faster than light.

The Flash can run up to 12 trillion times the speed of light, while shadow is only fast as sound. Even if we say shadow can disappear and reappear, flash can run so fast that he can stop time.

So will it ever be possible for us to travel at light speed? Based on our current understanding of physics and the limits of the natural world, the answer, sadly, is no. So, light-speed travel and faster-than-light travel are physical impossibilities, especially for anything with mass, such as spacecraft and humans.

Shadow the Hedgehog Shadow’s speed is nearly identical to Sonic’s—arguably superior if you factor in his mastery of Chaos Control teleportation. Sources differ on who is truly faster, but generally give Sonic the edge, especially considering the small boost Shadow gets from his Air Shoes.

Debuting in the first game of the series, Sonic the Hedgehog, he was shown attempting to collect the Chaos Emeralds and turn all of the animals inhabiting the land into robots. He is a self-proclaimed or certifiable genius with an IQ of 300. His fondness for mechas has made him a renowned authority on robotics.

Shadow is stronger and Sonic is faster. They have fought many times although in Shadow the Hedgehog (game), Shadow can kill Sonic. And Sonic has beaten Shadow a few times as well.

Emerl

Sonic’s best chance is to try and speedblitz Goku before Goku goes Super Saiyan, but I don’t think Sonic is quite fast enough to do that before Goku backs off and goes Super Saiyan. Goku wildly outclasses Sonic in every category, even speed. Even with the chaos emeralds, Sonic could never win this fight.

Sonic’s only weakness is that he cannot swim, sinking like a rock if plunged to a deep body of water. The only exception is that he can swim in the Sonic the Hedgehog Adventure Gamebooks.

Sonic doesn’t hate Amy. Sonic just doesn’t like love. Sonic definitely doesn’t want to live like that for the rest of his life, which is why he runs away from Amy when she gets all lovey-dovey around him.

Sonic the Comic To Sonic’s horror, he realizes that Amy is now a fugitive and has nowhere to go, so she has to be part of the resistance. This version of Amy managed to kiss Sonic twice. In fact, she encouraged Sonic to keep fighting even when she was in danger and even kept bothering Sonic while she was saved.

In the games, Sonic has never officially had a love-interest although it has been hinted time to time that he secretly loves Amy, while in the 1992 Shogakukan manga (where she was known as Eimi the Hedgehog, Amy Rose’s earliest incarnation) and Sonic X, he loved her. …

Queen Sally Acorn