The attraction between the particles in a liquid keeps the volume of the liquid constant. The movement of the particles causes the liquid to be variable in shape. Liquids will flow and fill the lowest portion of a container, taking on the shape of the container but not changing in volume.

Gases do not have a definite shape or volume because the molecules in gases are very loosely packed, they have large intermolecular spaces and hence they move around. The force of attraction between molecules is also very less, as a result gases acquire any shape or any volume.

Matter that has a definite volume and a definite shape. Matter that has a definite volume but no definite shape, assuming shape of its container. Matter that has neither a definite volume nor a definite shape, always filling any space available to it.

A gas has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume. Like liquids, gases are fluids. The particles in a gas can move around one another freely. If a gas is released in a closed container, the gas particles will move in all directions and spread apart as they fill the container.

Definite (for both shape and volume) means that the container makes no difference whatsoever. If 5-liters of liquid water is poured into a 10-liter container, the liquid would occupy 5-liters of the container and the other 5-liters would be empty.

Three states of matter exist – solid, liquid, and gas. Solids have a definite shape and volume. Liquids have a definite volume, but take the shape of the container. Gases have no definite shape or volume.

Some substances exist as gases at room temperature (oxygen and carbon dioxide), while others, like water and mercury metal, exist as liquids. A solid has definite volume and shape, a liquid has a definite volume but no definite shape, and a gas has neither a definite volume nor shape.

adj. 1 clearly defined; exact; explicit. 2 having precise limits or boundaries.

adjective. clearly defined or determined; not vague or general; fixed; precise; exact: a definite quantity; definite directions. having fixed limits; bounded with precision: a definite area. positive; certain; sure: It is definite that he will take the job.

Solids

Mass is the amount of matter an object has, and volume is the amount of space the matter takes up. Solids are easy to recognize. They have definite shape, mass, and volume. Liquids are similar to solids because their atoms are close together, but what makes a liquid different is that those atoms can move around.

2. A gas does not have a definite mass. A gas does not always weigh the same or take up the same amount of space. However, like a liquid, a gas will always take the shape of its container, no matter the size or shape of that container.

A solid has definite volume and shape, a liquid has a definite volume but no definite shape, and a gas has neither a definite volume nor shape.

Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. Mass gives an object the property of weight and inertia (resistance to change in the motion of an object). There are four states of matter, solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. The volume of an object is the amount of space it occupies.

In particle physics, a massless particle is an elementary particle whose invariant mass is zero. The two known massless particles are both gauge bosons: the photon (carrier of electromagnetism) and the gluon (carrier of the strong force). Neutrinos were originally thought to be massless.

Matter is all the “stuff” that exists in the universe. It has both mass and volume. Mass measures the amount of matter in a substance or an object. Volume measures the amount of space that a substance or an object takes up.

The Higgs field gives mass to fundamental particles—the electrons, quarks and other building blocks that cannot be broken into smaller parts. The energy of this interaction between quarks and gluons is what gives protons and neutrons their mass. Keep in mind Einstein’s famous E=mc2, which equates energy and mass.

DENSITY is a physical property of matter, as each element and compound has a unique density associated with it. Density defined in a qualitative manner as the measure of the relative “heaviness” of objects with a constant volume….

Heat, light, and other forms of electromagnetic energy do not have measurable mass and can’t be contained in a volume. Matter can be converted into energy, and vice versa.

The rest mass of the electron is 9.× 10−31 kg, which is only 1/1,836the mass of a proton. An electron is therefore considered nearly massless in comparison with a proton or a neutron, and the electron mass is not included in calculating the mass number of an atom.

Light is composed of photons, so we could ask if the photon has mass. The answer is then definitely “no”: the photon is a massless particle. According to theory it has energy and momentum but no mass, and this is confirmed by experiment to within strict limits.

By itself, electron is good, not negative. It has charge opposite to proton and positron; it could be any name, for example instead of “negative” electron charge could be named in the past “north” or A or X.

The energy of the electron is deposited at a point, just as if it was a particle. So while the electron propagates through space like a wave, it interacts at a point like a particle. This is known as wave-particle duality.

THE MEANING OF ELECTRON WAVES When electrons pass through a double slit and strike a screen behind the slits, an interference pattern of bright and dark bands is formed on the screen. This proves that electrons act like waves, at least while they are propagating (traveling) through the slits and to the screen.

Now that the dual nature of light as “both a particle and a wave” has been proved, its essential theory was further evolved from electromagnetics into quantum mechanics. Einstein believed light is a particle (photon) and the flow of photons is a wave.

Electrons are found in certain orbits because they interfere with themselves and create standing waves. When the wavelengths don’t match up with a whole integer they will create destructive interference.

Because an electron is a quantum object with wave-like properties, it must always be vibrating at some frequency. Furthermore, an electron in a stable atomic state does not move in the sense of waving through space. The orbital electron does move in the sense of vibrating in time.

Light behaves mainly like a wave but it can also be considered to consist of tiny packages of energy called photons. Photons carry a fixed amount of energy but have no mass. They also found that increasing the intensity of light increased the number of electrons ejected, but not their speed. …

The Huygens’ principle helped develop the wave theory of light and it was further developed by Fresnel and Kirchhoff. Quantum view of light: The photoelectric effect introduced evidence that light exhibited particle properties on the quantum scale of atoms.