Because the wings require more energy for their movement then rest of the body. The insects primary mode of locomotion are the wings the cells of muscle help to move that’s why the wings cells contain more number of mitochondria than the body.

This process is called cellular respiration. The mitochondria use it to turn glucose and oxygen into a high-energy molecule called ATP.

Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell because they “burn” or break the chemical bonds of glucose to release energy to do work in a cell. The mitochondria are about the size of a bacterial cell and are often peanut-shaped. Mitochondria have their own DNA and a double membrane like the nucleus and chloroplast.

Mitochondria, using oxygen available within the cell convert chemical energy from food in the cell to energy in a form usable to the host cell. NADH is then used by enzymes embedded in the mitochondrial inner membrane to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

Briefly: In stage one, glucose is broken down in the cytoplasm of the cell in a process called glycolysis. In stage two, the pyruvate molecules are transported into the mitochondria. Notice that mitochondria have an inner membrane with many folds, called cristae.

chemical energy

Glucose. Glucose is a carbohydrate, and is the most important simple sugar in human metabolism. When oxidized in the body in the process called metabolism, glucose produces carbon dioxide, water, and some nitrogen compounds and in the process provides energy which can be used by the cells.

Why Organisms Need Both Glucose and ATP Glucose is also more stable than ATP. Therefore, glucose is better for storing and transporting energy. However, glucose is too powerful for cells to use. ATP, on the other hand, contains just the right amount of energy to power life processes within cells.

Glucose is the carbohydrate produced by photosynthesis. Energy-rich glucose is delivered through your blood to each of your cells. ATP is the usable form of energy for your cells.

Think of it as the “energy currency” of the cell. If a cell needs to spend energy to accomplish a task, the ATP molecule splits off one of its three phosphates, becoming ADP (Adenosine di-phosphate) + phosphate. The energy holding that phosphate molecule is now released and available to do work for the cell.

gamma phosphate

ATP is a nucleotide consisting of an adenine base attached to a ribose sugar, which is attached to three phosphate groups. These three phosphate groups are linked to one another by two high-energy bonds called phosphoanhydride bonds.

“High-energy” compounds have a ΔG°’ of hydrolysis more negative than -25 kJ/mol; “low-energy” compounds have a less negative ΔG°’ ATP, for which ΔG°’ of hydrolysis is -30.5 kJ/mol (-7.3 kcal/mol), is a high-energy compound; glucose-6-phosphate, with a standard free energy of hydrolysis of -13.8 kJ/mol (-3.3 kcal/mol).

ATP hydrolysis is the catabolic reaction process by which chemical energy that has been stored in the high-energy phosphoanhydride bonds in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is released by splitting these bonds, for example in muscles, by producing work in the form of mechanical energy.