Why can migration be considered a phenotypically plastic behavior? -By moving, the organism increases its fitness. -It can result in multiple populations with different phenotypes. -Many animals change physically when they migrate.

Evolution. Plasticity is usually thought to be an evolutionary adaptation to environmental variation that is reasonably predictable and occurs within the lifespan of an individual organism, as it allows individuals to ‘fit’ their phenotype to different environments.

We study the extent of intra- and inter-population variation in plant traits and its consequences for interactions across trophic levels in “common garden” experiments, where plants from different populations are exposed to a common environment.

With linear reaction norms and genetically variable slopes, extreme environments are thus associated with increased genetic variance for plastic traits, and play a crucial role in the evolution of plasticity.

Internal and external environmental factors, like gender and temperature, influence gene expression. Similarly, drugs, chemicals, temperature, and light are among the external environmental factors that can determine which genes are turned on and off, thereby influencing the way an organism develops and functions.

environmental-mold traits. source traits with environmental origins, such as the behaviors that result from the influence of our friends, work environment, etc. ergs. permanent constitutional source traits that provide energy for goal-directed behavior.

Environmental traits are the traits that are not caused solely by genetics, but by the habitat and experiences of individual human beings.

Raised skin scars, such as keloid and hypertrophic scars mostly occur post-wounding in the human dermis. There is compelling evidence for a genetic component to these conditions, given the familial predisposition, varied incidence in different ethnic populations and the presence in twins.