Types of Questions and Levels of Analysis At a broad level, ethologists pose four distinct types of questions, which Niko Tinbergen outlined in a classic paper entitled “On the Aims and Methods of Ethology” (N.

Tinbergen emphasized that achieving the desired values of a certain number of targets requires the policy maker to control an equal number of instruments. This is known as the Tinbergen Rule.

Tinbergen concluded that the wasp did use landmarks to find her nests, and that she could learn new ones. Tinbergen used simple materials in his experiment—pine cones and stones—and a simple procedure. The results led him to conclude that digger wasps use a pattern of landmarks to find their nests.

What is another word for distal?

Distal: The more (or most) distant of two (or more) things. For example, the distal end of the femur (the thigh bone) is the end down by the knee; the end more distant from the torso. The opposite of distal is proximal.

The knee is proximal to the foot. Moving distally from the hip brings you to the thigh. The foot is distal to the knee.

Directional Terms Inferior or caudal – away from the head; lower (example, the foot is part of the inferior extremity). Anterior or ventral – front (example, the kneecap is located on the anterior side of the leg). Posterior or dorsal – back (example, the shoulder blades are located on the posterior side of the body).

Prone: With the front or ventral surface downward (lying face down), as opposed to supine.

the highest point of something; apex; summit; top: the vertex of a mountain.

DIRECTIONAL TERMS

two subdivisions: thoracic and abdominopelvic cavity, seperated by the diaphragm. (“side”)Right and left. each hold a lung and are so named because they occupy the lateral portions of the thoracic cavity.