The ending of Animal Farm is extremely pessimistic. The animals have traded a more lenient owner (Jones) for a brutal dictator (Napoleon ) and their lives are harder than ever before. All the promises of a brighter future have been betrayed.

The pigs and dogs are the best at reading and writing, while Boxer and most of the other animals do not possess the same knowledge. These differing levels of education are reflected in the hierarchy that eventually emerges on Animal Farm: pigs and dogs on top, Boxer and the other “lower animals” below.

The executions symbolize the mass killing of when Joseph Stalin killed citizens who were suspected of rebellion.

The central conflict of Animal Farm arises when the animals’ desire for freedom and equality is corrupted by the consolidation of political power amongst the pigs.

The situational irony in the piece is that the animals took over the farm so they could run it themselves. They didn’t like the way they were being treated by the humans, but in the end they end up exactly like them.

Another illustration is found at the memorial banquet to honor Boxer’s death. The irony is that the pigs are celebrating his death. In fact, they bought liquor with money from Boxer’s sale.

Napoleon seizes power by force and ends up exploiting the animals just as Farmer Jones had done. The novel ends with the pigs behaving and even dressing like the humans the animals tried to get rid of in the first place.

Napoleon is to blame for the cruelty and hardship that the animals endure. They debate the issues of the farm, but secretly, Napoleon has no intention of sharing power with Snowball.

The animals in the book “Animal Farm” hoped to achieve unity, equality. trust/truth, prosperity, better quality of life, freedom and individuality, in terms of the revolution. This was achieved at the beginning of the revolution, which made it a success, but in the end the revolution was a failure.

The pigs represent key members of Bolshevik leadership: Napoleon represents Joseph Stalin, Snowball represents Leon Trotsky, and Squealer represents Vyacheslav Molotov.

A pig represents luck, overall good fortune, wealth, honesty, general prosperity, symbolizing a hard working, a peace-loving person, a truthful, generous, indulgent, patient, reliable, trusting, sincere, giving, sociable person with a large sense of humour and understanding.

Napoleon the pig is named for Napoleon Buonaparte, a French military leader who became emperor of France in the early nineteenth century. However, Napoleon is modeled after Soviet dictator Joseph Stalin. He wanted Napoleon the pig to be modeled after Stalin, not to be seen as an entirely exact depiction of Stalin.