Octavian was important because he was the first emperor when Rome transitioned from being a republic to being an empire. He was also known as…

What did Augustus accomplish? Augustus brought peace (“Pax Romana”) to the Greco-Roman world. In 27 BCE he nominally restored the republic of Rome and instituted a series of constitutional and financial reforms that culminated in the birth of the principate. As princeps of Rome, Augustus enjoyed enormous popularity.

Octavian ensured Rome’s citizens of their rights to property in order to maintain peace and stability in his portion of the Empire. This time, he settled his discharged soldiers outside of Italy, while also returning 30,000 slaves to their former Roman owners—slaves who had fled to join Pompeius’s army and navy.

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He revitalized the Roman religions by building many buildings and monuments to worship the Roman gods. He wanted to bring back the glamour of Rome and help the poor. He built many public buildings and monuments at his own expense such as baths, theaters, aqueducts, and better roads to promote better trade.

He gave them more food and stopped the army. He passed laws that restored order and he organized the army in such a way to prevent its posing any threat. He did not pass laws and did not organize an army. He collected taxes.

More than 2,000 years before the low-carb revolution, bread was the staple of the Roman diet, and you could expect to pay 2 asses for a one-pound loaf. A half-liter of top-shelf ancient wine cost up to 30 asses, while a new tunic cost about 15 sestertii.

The toilets had their own plumbing and sewers, sometimes using water from bath houses to flush them. The Romans did not have toilet paper. Instead they used a sponge on a stick to clean themselves.

The Romans used to buy bottles of Portuguese urine and use that as a rinse. GROSS! Importing bottled urine became so popular that the emperor Nero taxed the trade. The ammonia in urine was thought to disinfect mouths and whiten teeth, and urine remained a popular mouthwash ingredient until the 18th century.

The ancient Romans also practiced dental hygiene. While the people of ancient Rome were not familiar with the kind of dental hygiene we use today, they were no strangers to hygiene routines and cleaning their teeth. They used frayed sticks and abrasive powders to brush their teeth.

Ancient Romans used to use both human and animal urine as mouthwash in order to whiten their teeth. The thing is, it actually works, it’s just gross. Our urine contains ammonia, a compound of nitrogen and hydrogen, that is capable of acting as a cleansing agent.

For example, Ancient Romans used urine to wash some clothing. Clothes were soaked in it and then mixed by workers who trampled that mess with their feet. Urine was even used to dye leather. In this industry even feces were used – it was believed that feces can make leather a little bit softer.

“It is totally possible to use human urine as a fertilizer instead of industrial fertilizer,” says Heinonen-Tanski, whose research group has also used urine to cultivate cucumbers, cabbage and tomatoes.

As unpleasant as it may sound, the ancient Romans used urine for teeth whitening. The ammonia found in urine acts as a bleaching agent because of the acidic content.

A broad-spectrum antimicrobial protein, ribonuclease 7 (RNase 7), previously discovered to play a role in controlling the growth of bacteria on human skin, has now been shown to have an important antibacterial function in the human urinary tract. Urine is normally sterile.

This statement “Urine has also been historically used as an antiseptic. In times of war, when other antiseptics were unavailable, urine, the darker the better, was utilized on open wounds to kill bacteria.”

“Urine is actually not sterile,” said urologist Dr Rahul Rindani from South Coast Urology in Wollongong, NSW. “Urine has bacteria in it but it is difficult to detect unless you actually have an infection and have symptoms of an infection. And having an infection is very different to having some bacteria in your urine.”

More than 70 percent of the urine samples contained bacteria, including at least 33 types of bacteria (at the genus level) in normal urine. Women with overactive bladders had more types of bacteria in their urine (77 genera), including four species found only in overactive bladder patients.

Not wiping well after urinating or wiping back to front and getting stool on the skin can cause it. Too vigorous wiping as well as bubble baths and soaps can be irritating.

Excessive urine volume often occurs due to lifestyle behaviors. This can include drinking large amounts of liquid, which is known as polydipsia and isn’t a serious health concern. Drinking alcohol and caffeine can also lead to polyuria. Certain medications, such as diuretics, increase urine volume.