Functionalism

Functionalists study how cognitive processes help people and animals adapt to their environment and develop habits. Define behaviorism and explain who founded this school of thought. Founded by John B. Watson, behaviorism is a school of thought that defines psychology as “the scientific study of observable behavior.”

Clinical Psychology Clinical psychologists make up the single largest specialty area in psychology. 1 Clinicians are psychologists who assess, diagnose and treat mental illnesses. They frequently work in mental health centers, private or group practices or hospitals.

The humanistic approach emphasizes the personal worth of the individual, the centrality of human values, and the creative, active nature of human beings. The approach is optimistic and focuses on the noble human capacity to overcome hardship, pain and despair.

Gestalt psychology

Introspection is the systematic self-observation and analysis of one’s conscious experience.

The statement “Socrates developed the laws of associationism,” is false. Aristotle developed associationism. He formulated four laws of association of things or events in recall: law of contiguity (in space or time), law of similarity, law of contrast and law of frequency (often-ness of linking).

D. Behavioral perspective

Rene Descartes

Plato concludes that there are three separate parts of the soul: appetite, spirit, and reason.

The brain controls your ability to think, talk, feel, see, hear, remember things, walk and much more. It even controls your breathing. The brain is a soft mass of supportive tissues and nerves connected to the spinal cord. Together, the brain, spinal cord and nerves form the central nervous system.

Scientists now know that the brain has an amazing ability to change and heal itself in response to mental experience. This phenomenon, known as neuroplasticity, is considered to be one of the most important developments in modern science for our understanding of the brain.

When stress becomes overwhelming and prolonged, the risks for mental health problems and medical problems increase. Long-term stress increases the risk of mental health problems such as anxiety and depression, substance use problems, sleep problems, pain and bodily complaints such as muscle tension.

You might become depressed, anxious, and stressed, which could affect how well you treat, manage, or cope with your illness. But your mind can have a positive effect on your health, too. Having a positive outlook on life might help you better handle pain or stress and stay healthier than someone who is less hopeful.