The main difference between a primary data and a secondary data is, how is the data obtained. Primary data is gathered or collected first hand by the researcher. The data which is collected firsthand is more reliable in my opinion because, we our self have collected that data.

It has long been thought that prior to white settlement, Indigenous Australians lived a nomadic, hunter-gatherer lifestyle. They were, in fact, our first farmers, whose intimate knowledge of managing native plants and animals sustained them for thousands of years.

Hunter-gatherers were prehistoric nomadic groups that harnessed the use of fire, developed intricate knowledge of plant life and refined technology for hunting and domestic purposes as they spread from Africa to Asia, Europe and beyond.

Primary data is information collected through original or first-hand research. For example, surveys and focus group discussions. On the other hand, secondary data is information which has been collected in the past by someone else. For example, researching the internet, newspaper articles and company reports.

In statistics and psychometrics, reliability is the overall consistency of a measure. A measure is said to have a high reliability if it produces similar results under consistent conditions.

There are a lot of tactics you can implement to improve data quality and achieve greater accuracy from analysis.

1. Improve data collection.
2. Improve data organization.
3. Cleanse data regularly.
4. Normalize your data.
5. Integrate data across departments.
6. Segment data for analysis.

Accuracy is to be ensuring that the information is correct and without any mistake. Information accuracy is important because may the life of people depend in it like the medical information at the hospitals, so the information must be accurate. Also inaccurate information may accrue by typographical mistake. …

Compare the information provided by your source with other reliable sources to verify accuracy. Check facts and data provided in an Internet source with information from trusted sources, such as government agencies and universities. Look for a complete and comprehensive presentation of data and facts.

Determine the reliability and validity of articles by following a process very similar to evaluating books:

1. Look at the author’s credentials. For scholarly articles, this is usually pretty simple.
2. Review the article’s contents.
3. Examine the evidence.
4. Determine bias.

The four main criteria to use when evaluating resources are: Authority, Objectivity, Currency, and Coverage.

There are six (6) criteria that should be applied when evaluating any Web site: authority, accuracy, objectivity, currency, coverage, and appearance. For each criterion, there are several questions to be asked. The more questions you can answer “yes”, the more likely the Web site is one of quality.

Common evaluation criteria include: purpose and intended audience, authority and credibility, accuracy and reliability, currency and timeliness, and objectivity or bias. Each of these criteria will be explained in more detail below.

The following are some criteria that you should consider.

1. Clarity. Leaders can choose to rely on Occam’s razor.
2. Usability. Does the idea fulfill a practical need?
3. Stability. Is this a niche idea answering a one-time unique need or customer demand?
4. Scalability.
5. Stickiness.
6. Integration.
7. Profitability.

Remember that different criteria will be more or less important depending on the topic or purpose of your research.

• Currency: The timeliness of the information.
• Relevance: The importance of the information for your needs.
• Authority: The source of the information.
• Purpose: The reason the information exists.

Information Literacy 7

1. Accuracy: The reliability, truthfulness, and correctness of the content.
2. Authority: The source of the information.
3. Relevance: The importance of the information for your needs.
4. Currency: The timeliness of the information.
5. Purpose: The reason the information exists.

Evaluating information sources is a important part of the research process. Not all information is reliable or true, nor will all information be suitable for your paper or project. Users must be able to critically evaluate the appropriateness of all types of information sources prior to relying on the information.

Source evaluation is the process of critically evaluating information in relation to a given purpose in order to determine if it is appropriate for the intended use.

How to critically evaluate the quality of a research article?

1. Research question. The research must be clear in informing the reader of its aims.
2. Sample. To provide trustworthy conclusions, a sample needs to be representative and adequate.
3. Control of confounding variables.
4. Research designs.
5. Criteria and criteria measures.
6. Data analysis.
7. Discussion and conclusions.
8. Ethics.

So, to review, an evaluative essay contains three key elements: judgment, criteria and evidence.

You can follow these steps to create an effective employee evaluation:

1. Review the employee’s job description.
2. Highlight areas of improvement.
3. Compare strengths and weaknesses.
4. Recommend actionable goals.
5. Provide constructive feedback.
6. Welcome employee input.

To evaluate is defined as to judge the value or worth of someone or something. An example of evaluate is when a teacher reviews a paper in order to give it a grade. To draw conclusions from examining; to assess. It will take several years to evaluate the material gathered in the survey.

Here are some examples of employee performance evaluation phrases:

• Attendance. Maintaining good attendance is an important part of employee performance.
• Communication.
• Productivity.
• Attitude and demeanor.
• Time management.
• Performance analysis.
• Descriptive phrases.
• Strengths and weaknesses.

An evaluative argument makes a judgment on the performance of a particular item in its category. You can determine whether this performance was “good” or “fair” or “unusual,” etc.

Evaluation is a process that critically examines a program. It involves collecting and analyzing information about a program’s activities, characteristics, and outcomes. Its purpose is to make judgments about a program, to improve its effectiveness, and/or to inform programming decisions (Patton, 1987).

The main types of evaluations for training programs are:

• Formative.
• Summative.
• Process.
• Outcomes.
• Impact.