Which of the following landmarks found on the proximal end of the humerus? The greater tubercle is adjacent to the head of the humerus.

capitulum

It articulates proximally with the glenoid via the glenohumeral (GH) joint and distally with the radius and ulna at the elbow joint. The most proximal portion of the humerus is the head of the humerus, which forms a ball and socket joint with the glenoid cavity on the scapula.

Proximal. Biceps brachii attaches to the radial tuberosity. Supinator, flexor pollicis longus and the flexor digitorum superficialis attach to the upper third part of the shaft of the radius.

No, the radius is not proximal to the humerus. The radius is located in the forearm, the portion of the limb between the elbow and the wrist, while the humerus is in the upper arm.

The ischium forms the posterolateral portion of the hip bone (see Figure 2). The large, roughened area of the inferior ischium is the ischial tuberosity. This serves as the attachment for the posterior thigh muscles and also carries the weight of the body when sitting.

Proximal Landmarks. The proximal humerus is marked by a head, anatomical neck, surgical neck, greater and lesser tuberosity and intertubercular sulcus. The upper end of the humerus consists of the head.

There is a portion called the anatomical neck and one called the surgical neck. The anatomical neck is the portion that lies just below the head. As the neck continues along the humerus body, it is called the surgical neck (so named because this is the location of many fractures that require surgery).

4-9). As noted earlier, the surgical neck is the most frequent site of a humerus fracture in adults. Surgical neck fractures can result in abduction of the proximal fragment by the rotator cuff. Fractures between the pectoralis major and deltoid insertions result in adduction of the proximal fragment by the pectoralis.

The surgical neck of the humerus is a constriction below the tubercles of the greater tubercle and lesser tubercle, and above the deltoid tuberosity. It is much more frequently fractured than the anatomical neck of the humerus.

3-PART FRACTURE: This is when the proximal humerus is broken into three pieces, and there are then two fracture lines on x-ray. This most often involves the greater tuberosity and the surgical neck of the humerus.

Most shoulder fractures will hurt severely for the first two weeks. After that, the pain lessens until healing occurs. At about one to three months, the pain is often low-level, worse with activity and with changes in the weather. It may stay this way for one to two years.

Humerus fractures are a very painful injury, and patients may need to take pain relief medications regularly as prescribed by the doctor. The fractured portion may hurt intensely, swell, and feel stiff. Stiffness may continue well after the fracture has healed.

Proximal humerus fractures typically require 6 to 8 weeks for the bone to heal, plus a period of rehabilitation of about 3 to 6 months. The goal of rehabilitation is to restore arm function and help you return to regular activities as soon as possible.

Sleeping. You should sleep upright, either in an arm chair, or sitting up in bed propped up on plenty of pillows. Your upper arm should be allowed to hang and not be rested on pillows which may force your shoulder upwards.

The most frequently fractured site of the humerus especially in elderly is the surgical neck which is an area of constriction distal to the tuberosities. The deforming forces relevant to PHFs include: pectoralis major: displaces humeral shaft anterior/medial.

Management of Proximal Humerus Fractures These can be treated non-surgically, typically with a period of immobilization in a sling which can range from three to six weeks depending on the type of fracture and its stability. Fractures in which the displacement is significant may require surgical repair.

Most fractures of the proximal humerus can be treated without surgery if the bone fragments are not shifted out of position (displaced). If the fragments are shifted out of position, surgery is often performed to allow earlier mobility.

A proximal humerus fracture is a serious injury to the humerus bone in the shoulder joint that requires immediate treatment to preserve function of the shoulder. A fracture to the humerus bone is a possible consequence of a traumatic event, such as a fall or forceful collision.

The most obvious symptom of a fractured shoulder, whether it is a fractured scapula or one of the other bones, is pain. Shoulder fracture pain is usually severe.