Physical security is defined as that part of security concerned with physical measures designed to safeguard personnel; to prevent unauthorized access to equipment, installations, material, and documents; and to safeguard against espionage, sabotage, damage, and theft.

Not attempting to break the security of any computer networkA typical acceptable use policy includes: (1) not using the service as part of violating any law; (2) not attempting to break the security of any computer network or user; (3) not posting commercial messages to groups without prior permission; and (4) not …

Physical security involves the use of multiple layers of interdependent systems that can include CCTV surveillance, security guards, protective barriers, locks, access control, perimeter intrusion detection, deterrent systems, fire protection, and other systems designed to protect persons and property.

uses a zombie farm, often by an organized crime association, to launch a massive phishing attack. a data file that identifies individuals or organizations online and is comparable to a digital signature.

Single-factor authentication is the traditional security process that requires a user name and password before granting access to the user.

zombie farm

What is a vishing attack? a) An attack that uses a phone instead of email or a website.

cryptographyFeedback:Digital certificate is a data file that identifies individuals or organizations online and is comparable to a digital signature.

Phishing Expedition. A masquerading attack that combines spam with spoofing. Spear Phishing. A phishing expedition in which the emails are carefully designed to target a particular person or organization.

What is the difference between Phishing and pharming? Phishing is an attempt to get personal information via a fake website, pharming is redirecting a person to a fake website.

Is a method for confirming users’ identities.

The fundamental principles (tenets) of information security are confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Every element of an information security program (and every security control put in place by an entity) should be designed to achieve one or more of these principles.

Common controls are security controls that can support multiple information systems efficiently and effectively as a common capability. Common controls can be any type of security control or protective measures used to meet the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of your information system.

The eight design principles are:

• Principle of Least Privilege.
• Principle of Fail-Safe Defaults.
• Principle of Economy of Mechanism.
• Principle of Complete Mediation.
• Principle of Open Design.
• Principle of Separation of Privilege.
• Principle of Least Common Mechanism.
• Principle of Psychological Acceptability.

The principle of least common mechanism states that mechanisms used to access resources should not be shared. Sharing resources provides a channel along which information can be transmitted, and so such sharing should be minimized.

Saltzer and Schroeder’s design principles are design principles enumerated by Jerome Saltzer and Michael Schroeder in their 1975 article The Protection of Information in Computer Systems, that from their experience are important for the design of secure software systems.

Security by Design: 7 Application Security Principles You Need to Know

• Principle of Least Privilege.
• Principle of Separation of Duties.
• Principle of Defense in Depth.
• Principle of Failing Securely.
• Principle of Open Design.
• Principle of Avoiding Security by Obscurity.
• Principle of Minimizing Attack Surface Area.

Security Design Principles

• Least Privilege.
• Fail-Safe Defaults.
• Economy of Mechanism.
• Complete Mediation.
• Open Design.
• Separation Privilege.
• Least Common Mechanism.
• Psychological Acceptability.

The reason cybersecurity is hard is that management of the risk is a complex topic that requires substantial organisational involvement. It is not just the responsibility of the IT department or your outsourced IT support provider.

a. Systems that are connected to the internet do in fact violate the Least Common Mechanism Principle. This principle states that mechanism used to access resources should not be shared.

The principle of least privilege works by allowing only enough access to perform the required job. In an IT environment, adhering to the principle of least privilege reduces the risk of attackers gaining access to critical systems or sensitive data by compromising a low-level user account, device, or application.

OWASP recommends that all security controls should be designed with the core pillars of information security in mind: Confidentiality – only allow access to data for which the user is permitted. Integrity – ensure data is not tampered or altered by unauthorised users.

Least privilege is the concept and practice of restricting access rights for users, accounts, and computing processes to only those resources absolutely required to perform routine, legitimate activities. Privilege itself refers to the authorization to bypass certain security restraints.

The principle of least privilege (PoLP) refers to an information security concept in which a user is given the minimum levels of access – or permissions – needed to perform his/her job functions.

The principle of least privilege recommends that users, systems, and processes only have access to resources (networks, systems, and files) that are absolutely necessary to perform their assigned function.

Least privilege is about which activities a user is allowed to do or to cause; need to know is about what data the user is allowed to see.

Principle of least privilege: A system should be able to access only the information it needs to perform its functions.

The Principle of Least Privilege states that a subject should be given only those privileges needed for it to complete its task. If a subject does not need an access right, the subject should not have that right. Further, the function of the subject (as opposed to its identity) should control the assignment of rights.