An iceberg could even contain more heat energy than a cup of coffee or a red-hot iron bar. That’s because its bigger and contains so many more molecules, each of which has some heat energy. The coffee and the iron bar are hotter (have a higher temperature), but the iceberg holds more heat because it’s bigger.

The first law, also known as Law of Conservation of Energy, states that energy cannot be created or destroyed in an isolated system. The second law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of any isolated system always increases.

Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only change from one form to another. The total amount of energy in the universe remains constant.

The Law of Conservation of Energy states that energy cannot be created nor destroyed, energy can only be transformed from one form into another, but the total amount of energy never changes.

If two objects at different temperatures are brought in contact with each other, energy is transferred from the hotter to the colder object until equilibrium is reached and the bodies reach thermal equilibrium (i.e., they are at the same temperature).

When you bring two objects of different temperature together, energy will always be transferred from the hotter to the cooler object. Two objects of different temperature always interact. There are three different ways for heat to flow from one object to another. They are conduction, convection, and radiation.

Heat Transfer: The movement of heat from a warmer object to a colder one – when two substances at different temperatures are mixed together, heat flows from the warmer body to the cooler body until they reach the same temperature (Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics – Thermal Equilibrium).

When two objects that are at different temperatures come into contact… heat always transfers from the object with the higher temperature to the object with the lower temp. particles collide and thermal energy is transferred from the higher-temperature substance to the lower-temperature substance.

Convection

Radiation is a form of heat transfer in which heat “radiates” or spreads out from one object to another. This occurs when heat travels from the sun to the earth. The circular motion of air/ liquid caused by convection. The cycling air in the atmosphere is also a great example of this.

The transfer of heat by radiation involves the carrying of energy from an origin to the space surrounding it. The energy is carried by electromagnetic waves and does not involve the movement or the interaction of matter.

Solid matter is composed of tightly packed particles. A solid will retain its shape; the particles are not free to move around. Liquid matter is made of more loosely packed particles. Gaseous matter is composed of particles packed so loosely that it has neither a defined shape nor a defined volume.

Convection is the term describing the upward and downward movement of air (or liquids). The underlying cause of these movements is differences in density. Density is the amount of matter in a given amount of space. Dense air sinks, creating downdrafts, while less dense air rises, creating updrafts.

The motion of the particles is increased by raising the temperature. Conversely, the motion of the particles is reduced by lowering the temperature, until, at the absolute zero (0 K), the motion of the particles ceases altogether. Because the particles are in motion, they will have kinetic energy.

Particles move rapidly in all directions but collide with each other more frequently than in gases due to shorter distances between particles. With an increase in temperature, the particles move faster as they gain kinetic energy, resulting in increased collision rates and an increased rate of diffusion.

Changes in presure have very little effect on the volume of a liquid. Liquids are relatively incompressible because any increase in pressure can only slightly reduce the distance between the closely packed molecules. If the pressure above a liquid is increased sufficiently, the liquid forms a solid.

For example, when the pressure increases then the temperature also increases. When the pressure decreases, then the temperature decreases. Because there is less mass in the can with a constant volume, the pressure will decrease. This pressure decrease in the can results in a temperature decrease.

Answer. The relationship between the two is that air temperature changes the air pressure. For example, as the air warms up the molecules in the air become more active and they use up more individual space even though there is the same number of molecules. This causes an increase in the air pressure.

The pressure of a given amount of gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature, provided that the volume does not change (Amontons’s law). The volume of a given amount of gas is inversely proportional to its pressure when temperature is held constant (Boyle’s law).

Boyle’s Law – states that the volume of a given amount of gas held at constant temperature varies inversely with the applied pressure when the temperature and mass are constant.

Why Is Boyle’s Law Important? Boyle’s law is important because it tells us about the behavior of gasses. It explains, with certainty, that the pressure and volume of gas are inversely proportional to one another. So, if you push on gas, its volume becomes smaller and the pressure becomes higher.

This empirical relation, formulated by the physicist Robert Boyle in 1662, states that the pressure (p) of a given quantity of gas varies inversely with its volume (v) at constant temperature; i.e., in equation form, pv = k, a constant.

You can observe a real-life application of Boyle’s Law when you fill your bike tires with air. When you pump air into a tire, the gas molecules inside the tire get compressed and packed closer together. This increases the pressure of the gas, and it starts to push against the walls of the tire.

: a statement in physics: the volume of a gas at constant temperature varies inversely with the pressure exerted on it.

An example of Boyle’s law in action can be seen in a balloon. Air is blown into the balloon; the pressure of that air pushes on the rubber, making the balloon expand. If one end of the balloon is squeezed, making the volume smaller, the pressure inside increased, making the un-squeezed part of the balloon expand out.

Robert Boyle