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The Himalayas: The Himalayan range was formed 25 million years ago when the Indo-Australian plate collided with the Eurasian plate. Mount Everest, located in the Himalayan range, is a fold mountain and is the highest mountain not only in Asia, but on Earth at 8849 metres above sea level.

There are two types of fold mountains: young fold mountains (10 to 25 million years of age, e.g. Rockies and Himalayas) and old fold mountains (over 200 million years of age, e.g. Urals and Appalachians of the USA).

Most Famous Mountain Ranges Are Fold Mountains Fold mountains are the most common type of mountain in the world. Some of the most famous ranges are the Himalayas, Andes, and Alps. The Himalayas, in Asia, stretch through the borders of China, India, and Pakistan. The crust beneath the Himalayas is still being folded.

Fold mountains are called so because of the result of large- scale earth movements caused by stresses in the earth’s crust. These stresses subject the rocks to compressive forces, producing wrinkling or folding along the lines of weakness.

Anticlines are folds in which each half of the fold dips away from the crest. Synclines are folds in which each half of the fold dips toward the trough of the fold. This intensely folded limestone from Highland County shows how anticlines and synclines typically occur together.

Synclines are formed when tectonic plates move toward each other, compressing the crust and forcing it upward.

Explanation: Conjugate folds are composite folds characterised with two hinges and three planar limbs in which the central limb is exceptionally flattened. Explanation: Cheveron folds are the folds characterised with well-defined, sharp hinge points and straight planar limbs.

Plunging Fold: has an inclined hinge line. Plunging Anticline: beds point in the direction of the plunge; older beds are in the core (center) of the fold and the beds dip away from the core.

Plunging folds. Plunging folds have been tipped by tectonic forces and have a hinge line not horizontal in the axial plane. The angle between the horizontal and the hinge line is called the plunge and, like dip, varies from less than 1 degree to 90 degrees.

Terms in this set (61) Which type of force causes folding? compressional force.

So: if you have a steeply-dipping bed cut by more-shallowly-dipping cleavage, pay attention to the direction of the cleavage’s dip: (a) If it is dipping in the opposite direction as bedding, your fold is upright or asymmetric. (b) If your bedding and cleavage are dipping in the same direction, your fold is overturned.

Learn about this topic in these articles: An overturned fold, or overfold, has the axial plane inclined to such an extent that the strata on one limb are overturned. A recumbent fold has an essentially horizontal axial plane.

Plunging Anticlines and Synclines A plunging anticline or a plunging syncline is one that has its axis tilted from the horizontal so that the fold is plunging into the earth along its length. Plunge direction is the direction in which the axis of the fold tilts down into the earth.

Three forms of folds: syncline, anticline, and monocline.

A plunging fold is a fold that is tilted downwards in space, parallel to the fold hinge plane. Figure 26. Plunging anticline (left) and plunging syncline (right).

FOLD: Permanent wavelike deformation in layered rock or sediment. FAULT: A fracture in bedrock along which rocks on one side have moved relative to the other side.