Boyle’s Law (2) It states that, “For a fixed amount of a gas at constant temperature, the gas volume is inversely proportional to the gas pressure.” (3) Graphical representation of Boyle’s law: Graph between P and V at constant temperature is called isotherm and is an equilateral (or rectangular) hyperbola.

Plotting straight line graphs

1. Re-arrange equations into form y = mx + c.
2. Pick 3 sensible points for x, including 0, then solve for y.
3. Plot points on grid.
4. Join with a straight line that goes through the y axis.
5. Graph will cut the y axis at (0,c) and have gradient m.

Decreasing the applied pressure increases the volume of the gas. Note that this is not a linear relationship, the line in the graph is curved, it is not a straight line. P × V is a constant! Then a graph of V against 1/P, should be a straight line with a slope (or gradient) equal to the value of the constant.

According to Boyle’s law, if a given amount of gas has a constant temperature, increasing its volume decreases its pressure, and vice-versa. When you inhale, muscles increase the size of your thoracic (chest) cavity and expand your lungs. This increases their volume, so pressure inside the lungs decreases.

The Boyle temperature is formally defined as the temperature for which the second virial coefficient, becomes zero. It is at this temperature that the attractive forces and the repulsive forces acting on the gas particles balance out. This is the virial equation of state and describes a real gas.

Respiratory System: Pathway of air: nasal cavities (or oral cavity) > pharynx > trachea > primary bronchi (right & left) > secondary bronchi > tertiary bronchi > bronchioles > alveoli (site of gas exchange)

During inhalation, the lungs expand with air and oxygen diffuses across the lung’s surface, entering the bloodstream. During exhalation, the lungs expel air and lung volume decreases. During exhalation, the diaphragm is relaxed which decreases the volume of the lung cavity.

Oxygen is important because it gives energy for our cells to work and not only the cells but also the cell organelles. By which the new systems of our brain and body gets opened our nerves which are blocked due to some reasons gets opened which helps faster blood circulation.

The circulatory system delivers oxygen and nutrients to cells and takes away wastes. The heart pumps oxygenated and deoxygenated blood on different sides. The types of blood vessels include arteries, capillaries and veins.

Oxygen is all around us in the air that we breathe, and that is a good thing because we could not live without it. Oxygen fuels our cells and helps provide the basic building blocks that our bodies need to survive. Our cells combine oxygen with nitrogen and hydrogen to produce various proteins that build new cells.

Our body needs oxygen to obtain energy to fuel all our living processes. Carbon dioxide is a waste product of that process. The respiratory system, with its conduction and respiratory zones, brings air from the environment to the lungs and facilitates gas exchange both in the lungs and within the cells.

As stated above, breathing is the biological process of inhaling and exhaling of the gases between the cells and the environment. The mechanism of breathing involves various respiratory structures such as the windpipe, lungs and nose. Respiration, on the other hand, is a chemical process that takes place in the cell.

This damages your eyes so you can’t see properly, and your lungs, so you can’t breathe normally. So breathing pure oxygen is quite dangerous. But breathing pure oxygen can sometimes be necessary. Astronauts and deep-sea scuba divers sometimes breathe pure oxygen because they work in very dangerous places.