The team found life in a pool where the acidity was measured as zero pH. That pool is the most acidic place where life has been found on Earth. The previous record was in the Rio Tinto, a river in Spain that has a pH of 2. Water becomes acidic when it contains a lot of positively-charged hydrogen atoms.

The average pay for a Volcanologist is $112,653 a year and $54 an hour in the United States. The average salary range for a Volcanologist is between $78,847 and $139,932. On average, a Bachelor’s Degree is the highest level of education for a Volcanologist.

crater lake

Yes. Crater lakes atop volcanoes are typically the most acid, with pH values as low as 0.1 (very strong acid). Gases from magma that dissolve in lake water to form such acidic brews include carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen chloride, and hydrogen fluoride.

The steep paths are dangerous, the sulfur gases are poisonous, and occasional gas releases or phreatic eruptions have killed many miners.

Q: Can a town’s water supply become contaminated when a volcano is restless? A: Yes, but probably not as quickly as shown in the movie. Some volcanic gases such as sulfur dioxide dissolve in groundwater, making the water acidic.

“It is due to the combustion of sulfuric gases in contact with air at temperatures above 360°C.” Exposed to the oxygen present in air and sparked by lava, the sulfur burns readily, and its flames are bright blue.

There are several water bodies in Crater Lake National Park, however, the streams and ponds are often very inaccessible and managed as wilderness areas. Cleetwood Cove is the only legal and safe access to the edge of Crater Lake. Visitors are welcome to swim in the lake in this area.

The Cleetwood trail is the only legal access to the lake,” McCabe said. Within the caldera, snow and rocks are highly unstable and can often cause rockslides and avalanches, according to the national park. “Crater lake is a volcano, and the soil is really crumbly, so if you’re on the soil its very hazardous.

There is no evidence that native fish ever lived in Crater Lake. It is currently estimated that the lake supports approximately 60,000 kokanee salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka; landlocked sockeye salmon) and rainbow trout. All streams in the park are open for fishing except Sun Creek and Lost Creek.

As you explore the park, you might spot bears, coyotes, elk, porcupines, amphibians, and more, plus a range of birds and insects. The lake and streams in the park are home to diverse species of fish and animals, including the endangered bull trout and the Mazama newt, which is only found at Crater Lake.

With many different mammals, amphibians, fish and birds, Crater Lake is home to plenty of wildlife. Deer, squirrels and birds are most common, but visitors exploring the forests and trails might encounter elk and bobcats.

About 30-40 minutes if you do not make any stops. But there is plenty to see all along the route so your time will vary. over a year ago. If you just drove around without stopping, it would take 1.5 hours.

Crater Lake

Superior

Many more were stranded or smashed against the rocky shorelines from Lake Superior to Lake Erie. Lake Huron saw the worst of this hellish storm, with eight ships going under and 187 lives lost during one violent six-hour window.

Lake Michigan is being called the “deadliest” of all the Great Lakes.

On Oct. 24, 2017, the NOAA lake buoys recorded 29-foot high short-period waves on Lake Superior north of Marquette, Michigan. These are the highest waves ever reported on the Great Lakes.

26.6 feet

Edmund Fitzgerald sank at the eastern edge of the area of high wind where the long fetch, or distance that wind blows over water, produced significant waves averaging over 23 feet (7.0 m) by 7:00 p.m. and over 25 feet (7.6 m) at 8:00 p.m. The simulation also showed one in 100 waves reaching 36 feet (11 m) and one out …

Duluth officials are warning people not to swim at Park Point Beach due to dangerous rip currents. It’s too dangerous to swim in Lake Superior along Park Point in Duluth until at least Saturday morning, officials said Friday.

But tsunamis on the Great Lakes, known as ‘meteotsunamis’, can also happen. These are described as a rather unfamiliar phenomenon, but they have actually been happening often over the years. June 26, 1954: A 10-foot, meteotsunami-caused wave swept fishermen off a pier on the shores of Lake Michigan in Chicago.

Lightfoot sings that “The lake, it is said, never gives up her dead”. This is because of the unusually cold water, under 36 °F (2 °C) on average around 1970. Normally, bacteria decaying a sunken body will bloat it with gas, causing it to float to the surface after a few days.

LONSHORE CURRENTS Longshore currents are caused by winds and waves hitting the shoreline at an angle and pushing water down the length of the beach in one direction. People caught in a longshore current can find themselves far down the beach from where they entered the water.