Pascaline, also called Arithmetic Machine, the first calculator or adding machine to be produced in any quantity and actually used. The Pascaline was designed and built by the French mathematician-philosopher Blaise Pascal between 1642 and 1644.

For his decimal calculating machine, Leibniz conveyed the single steps of solution from calculating in writing systematically into the mechanical process of counting which is conducted by cylindrical rollers with ten different sprockets of different sizes in combination with cogs.

Leibniz Calculating MachineIn 1671 Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz (1646-1716) invented a calculating machine which was a major advance in mechanical calculating.

Gottfried Leibniz was a German mathematician who developed the present day notation for the differential and integral calculus though he never thought of the derivative as a limit. His philosophy is also important and he invented an early calculating machine.

Blaise Pascal
Ryōichi YazuJohn W. NystromAbraham Stern
Mechanical calculator/Inventors

Working of Leibniz Calculator : It is a type of cylinder which is there in the form of a set of teeth of incremental lengths that can be added to the counting wheel. It can be used in the calculating engine of a class of mechanical calculators.

Explanation: Pascal’s calculator is a mechanical calculator invented by Blaise Pascal in the ….. The Step Reckoner expanded on the French mathematician-philosopher Blaise Pascal’s ideas and did multiplication by repeated addition and shifting.

In 1671 the German mathematician-philosopher Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz designed a calculating machine called the Step Reckoner. (It was first built in 1673.) The Step Reckoner expanded on Pascal’s ideas and did multiplication by repeated addition and shifting. Leibniz was a strong advocate of the binary system.

In a letter of 26 March 1673 to Johann Friedrich, where he mentioned the presentation in London, Leibniz described the purpose of the “arithmetic machine” as making calculations “leicht, geschwind, gewiß” [sic], i.e. easy, fast, and reliable.

He was elected to the chair in moral philosophy at Leipzig in 1640. A childless marriage to a second wife ended with her death 1643. A subsequent 1644 marriage to Catharina Schmuck, a daughter of a well known lawyer (or professor of law) produced a son, the polymath Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz.

The Leibniz Calculator (or stepped reckoner) was a digital mechanical calculator invented by the German mathematician Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz around 1617 and completed in 1694. The name comes from the translation of the German term for its operating mechanism, Staffelwalze, meaning “stepped drum”.

An abacus is considered one of the first calculating devices invented by man. The first mechanical calculating machine was invented in 1642 by Blaise Pascal, a 19-year-old Frenchman. Pascal’s machine used gears and could add and subtract.

Leibniz’s Calculating Machine In 1671 the German mathematician-philosopher Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz designed a calculating machine called the Step Reckoner. (It was first built in 1673.) The Step Reckoner expanded on Pascal’s ideas and did multiplication by repeated addition and shifting.

In 1673 German mathematician and philosopher Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz made a drawing of his calculating machine mechanism. Using a stepped drum, the Leibniz Stepped Reckoner, mechanized multiplication as well as addition by performing repetitive additions.

Although the Leibniz calculator was not developed for commercial production, the stepped drum principle survived for 300 years and was used in many later calculating systems.