As the ball falls, that energy is converted to kinetic energy. When the ball collides with the floor, some of this kinetic energy is transferred to the floor and converted to thermal energy (friction) and elastic potential energy (ball deformation.)

Yes, motion energy (kinetic energy) is transformed into gravitational potential energy as the rock falls. Yes, gravitational potential energy is transformed into motion energy (kinetic energy) as the rock falls.

When an object falls freely, its potential energy gets converted into kinetic energy. When the object hits the ground, its kinetic energy gets converted into heat energy and sound energy.

As an object falls from rest, its gravitational potential energy is converted to kinetic energy. Conservation of energy as a tool permits the calculation of the velocity just before it hits the surface.

An object held at a given height above the ground has an initial potential energy (PE), according to its mass and the initial height. When the object is released, its velocity increases as it falls. This increase in velocity results in an increase of the object’s kinetic energy (KE).

0 g

3 G’s

An acceleration of 1 G is equivalent to a speed of about 22 mph (35 km/h) per second.

While the human body can withstand any constant speed—be it 20 miles per hour or 20 billion miles per hour—we can only change that rate of travel relatively slowly. Speed up or slow down too quickly and it’s lights out for you, permanently.

Barely over a quarter of normal Earth gravity. To equal 1g of acceleration, a car would need to get to 60 in 2.74 seconds, roughly. If we want to be really, really exact, it looks like 1g is getting to 60 MPH in 2.73511683 seconds.

From Earth’s frame of reference, if you’re accelerating at a constant rate of 1 g, then you’d reach near the speed of light in about a year, having covered about 0.5 light-years in distance.

To accelerate at 1 G you need F = ma = (10^4 kg)(10 m/s^2) = 10^5 N. To get a force of 10^5 N over 10^16 m (10 ly), you would need (10^5 N)(10^16 m) = 10^21 J. Antimatter is the most energy dense material we know. To get that from antimatter you would need m = E/c^2 = 10^21 J/10^17 m^2/s^2 = 10^4 kg.

As long as you have useable energy in your ship, you can use it to accelerate indefinitely your propellant in the opposite direction you want to accelerate; this is how rockets work.

Normal humans can withstand no more than 9 g’s, and even that for only a few seconds. When undergoing an acceleration of 9 g’s, your body feels nine times heavier than usual, blood rushes to the feet, and the heart can’t pump hard enough to bring this heavier blood to the brain.

Astronauts normally experience a maximum g-force of around 3gs during a rocket launch. This is equivalent to three times the force of gravity humans are normally exposed to when on Earth but is survivable for the passengers. Astronauts are trained in high g-force, wear g-suits and must be correctly prepared.

The body is designed to pump blood upward, but negative gs force more of the blood to the head, causing vessels to burst in the eyes — a condition called “red out” — and, eventually, the brain. A extended force as low as negative 3 gs can prove fatal.

If a pilot of my mass experienced a force of 2 G’s, it would mean they are accelerating at 19.6 meters/sec/sec (double that of Earth’s gravitational pull) and that a force equal 1,509.2 N is being exerted on them (1509.2 N/754.6 N = 2 G).

Formula One drivers usually experience 5 g while braking, 2 g while accelerating, and 4 to 6 g while cornering.

20 billion miles per hour