Clear evidence of habitual use of fire, though, comes from caves in Israel dating back between 400,000 and 300,000 years ago, and include the repeated use of a single hearth in Qesem Cave, and indications of roasting meat. The next stage was to gain the ability to start a fire.

Most foragers lived by moving frequently and making temporary encampments. They might have repeated seasonal movements based on animal migrations or the ripening of different plant food sources. Foragers usually lived in small groups of 15 to 30, and split up further when food became scarce or when conflicts arose.

Answer: Hunter-gatherers traveled from place to place in search of food. Once food resources at a place were exhausted, they needed to go to a new place.

Answer: They used fire to make light, to cook meat and to frighten animals.

Archaeologists have found evidence that may identify the oldest home in human history. According to a report by the Israeli newspaper Haaretz, researchers have learned that humans lived in the ancient Wonderwerk Cave in South Africa as early as two million years ago.

Geologically, hillside erosion exposed the northern end of the cavity, which extends horizontally for about 140 m (460 ft) into the base of a hill….Wonderwerk Cave.

Professor Christopher Henshilwood

Homo erectus, the toolmakers at Dmanisi, may have been responsible. The hominin species made stone tools, and it had the sort of build and walking gait needed to cross continents. But the species’s oldest known fossils are about 1.8 million years old—much younger than Shangchen’s oldest tools.

The First Humans One of the earliest known humans is Homo habilis, or “handy man,” who lived about 2.4 million to 1.4 million years ago in Eastern and Southern Africa.

Oldowan stone tools