He had three ships and left from Spain.” | October 2017. “In 1492, Columbus sailed the ocean blue.

Columbus sailed the ocean blue

Jean Marzollo

1492

explorer Christopher Columbus

Atlantic Ocean

San Salvador

On October 12, more than two months later, Columbus landed on an island in the Bahamas that he called San Salvador; the natives called it Guanahani. Columbus brought back small amounts of gold as well as native birds and plants to show the richness of the continent he believed to be Asia.

*Columbus didn’t “discover” America — he never set foot in North America. During four separate trips that started with the one in 1492, Columbus landed on various Caribbean islands that are now the Bahamas as well as the island later called Hispaniola. He also explored the Central and South American coasts.

Leif Eriksson

But then nor did Columbus. Last week came purported evidence that the Chinese admiral Zheng He sailed his great fleet of junks round the world a century before Columbus, Da Gama and Magellan. …

Several explanations have been advanced for the Vikings’ abandonment of North America. Perhaps there were too few of them to sustain a settlement. Or they may have been forced out by American Indians. The scholars suggest that the western Atlantic suddenly turned too cold even for Vikings.

Vinland, the land of wild grapes in North America that was visited and named by Leif Eriksson about the year 1000 ce. Its exact location is not known, but it was probably the area surrounding the Gulf of Saint Lawrence in what is now eastern Canada.

The settlement at L’Anse aux Meadows probably served as an exploration base and winter camp for expeditions heading south (Wallace 2003) . The sagas suggest that the Vinland occupation eventually failed because of conflicts both among the Vikings themselves and with the native people they encountered. …

There is evidence of Norse trade with the natives (called the Skræling by the Norse). The Norse would have encountered both Native Americans (the Beothuk, related to the Algonquin) and the Thule, the ancestors of the Inuit. The Dorset had withdrawn from Greenland before the Norse settlement of the island.

Vinland

Archaeological evidence shows that in the early eleventh century CE, the Vikings arrived in Newfoundland and established a small encampment, known today as the UNESCO World Heritage Site L’Anse aux Meadows. The sagas recount several Norse expeditions into northeastern Canada. …

Another factor that prevented the Norse from establishing a permanent colony in Vinland was the presence of aboriginal peoples. Eastern New Brunswick was home to the Mi’kmaq, which had a large and dense population, and could provide formidable resistance to Viking encroachments.

Under letters patent from King Henry VII of England, the Italian John Cabot became the first European known to have landed in Canada after the Viking Age.

An independent nation In 1982, it adopted its own constitution and became a completely independent country. Although it’s still part of the British Commonwealth—a constitutional monarchy that accepts the British monarch as its own. Elizabeth II is Queen of Canada.

Jacques Cartier

The second largest country in the world by total area, Canada, is one of the most highly urbanized globally. However, none of its citizens have the right to own physical land in the country. Land in Canada is solely owned by Britain’s Queen Elizabeth II, who is also the head of state.

Prince George

The Queen of Canada (and head of state) has been Elizabeth II since 6 February 1952. The official style of the monarch is “By the Grace of God of the United Kingdom, Canada and Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith.”…Monarchy of Canada.

The world’s primary feudal landowner is Queen Elizabeth II. She is Queen of 32 countries, head of a Commonwealth of 54 countries in which a quarter of the world’s population lives, and legal owner of about 6.6 billion acres of land, one-sixth of the earth’s land surface.

The list of the 10 largest private landowners is all heads of state. However, if you expand to the 15 largest private landowners, American billionaire Ted Turner just squeaks onto the list. King Letsie owns all the land, including the diamond mines, in his country. This is his second non-consecutive reign as king.

The Biggest of the Big

However, this is perhaps the most important takeaway: China had the most companies on the list, up five from 2018 to124 (adding Taiwan, the magazine says, the total for Greater China is 133). The US held steady with 121, while Japan added one name to the list for a total of 53.