Noncoding DNA does not provide instructions for making proteins. Scientists once thought noncoding DNA was “junk,” with no known purpose. However, it is becoming clear that at least some of it is integral to the function of cells, particularly the control of gene activity.

A genotype refers to the genetic characteristics of an organism. A phenotype refers to the physical characteristics. For example, having blue eyes (an autosomal recessive trait) is a phenotype; lacking the gene for brown eyes is a genotype.

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of people with Down syndrome and people with Klinefelter syndrome: They both have cells with 47 chromosomes, but the extra chromosome in Klinefelter is a sex chromosome and in down syndrome it is one of the other chromosomes (autosome).

Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS): A procedure in which a small sample of cells is taken from the placenta and tested.

Among genetic disorders, Fragile X syndrome and Down syndrome are the commonest causes of mental retardation. Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is an inherited form of mental retardation.

The incidence is 1% of the population, with a male preponderance. Most affected individuals have mild mental retardation (IQ of 50 to 70). Moderate mental retardation is defined by a tested IQ of between 35 to 40 and 50 to 55. Severe mental retardation is defined by a tested IQ of between 20 to 25 and 35 to 40.

CONCLUSIONS. Approximately 20% of children with epilepsy have mental retardation. The cause is prenatal or genetic in nearly two thirds, and only 7% have an acquired, preventable cause. Important genetic influences may be present, espe- cially in the absence of a defined cause.

Specialty. Psychiatry, pediatrics. Frequency. 153 million (2015) Intellectual disability (ID), also known as general learning disability and formerly mental retardation (MR), is a generalized neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by significantly impaired intellectual and adaptive functioning.

Abstract. Introduction: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common condition in children with mental retardation (MR), with a prevalence rate of between 4 and 15%.

If you or your child is struggling with symptoms of severe ADHD, you may qualify for federal benefits. For example, supplemental security income (SSI) under the federal Social Security program is designed to help children under the age of 18 who are affected by severe chronic conditions.

Living with ADHD may give the person a different perspective on life and encourage them to approach tasks and situations with a thoughtful eye. As a result, some with ADHD may be inventive thinkers. Other words to describe them may be original, artistic, and creative. Being hyperfocused.

ADHD is not considered to be a learning disability. It can be determined to be a disability under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), making a student eligible to receive special education services.

If you can get your child approved for monthly SSI payments (which isn’t easy), there are many ways you can make use of the benefit. Your child’s SSI payment amount will vary depending on the state you live in and whether your child has any countable income, but the federal base rate for 2021 is $794/month.

If your child has been diagnosed with ADHD, or ADD, he or she can qualify for Supplemental Security Income (SSI) disability benefits if the severity of the child’s ADHD meets the Social Security Administration’s childhood impairment listing for neurodevelopmental disorders (listing 112.11).

Your family members may receive survivors benefits if you die. If you are working and paying into Social Security, some of those taxes you pay are for survivors benefits. Your spouse, children, and parents could be eligible for benefits based on your earnings.

If you die before full retirement age, having never taken benefits, she will receive what you would have. If you die after full retirement age, having never taken benefits, she’ll give your full retirement benefit augmented by the Delayed Retirement Credit.

A death benefit is income of either the estate or the beneficiary who receives it. Up to $10,000 of the total of all death benefits paid (other than CPP or QPP death benefits) is not taxable. If the beneficiary received the death benefit, see line 13000 in the Federal Income Tax and Benefit Guide.

There is no time limit to file, and survivor benefits actually grow if you delay claiming them until you reach your full retirement age. However, depending on your financial situation it might make sense to file as soon as possible after the death is reported to Social Security.

Defined benefit pensions most schemes will pay out a lump sum that is typically two or four times their salary. if the person who died was under age 75, this lump sum is tax-free. this type of pension usually also pays a taxable ‘survivor’s pension’ to the deceased’s spouse, civil partner or dependent child.

A defined contribution pension — a pension that’s based on how much has been paid into it — will normally pay the value of your pension pot in a lump sum to your dependants. If you die before age 75, benefits under money purchase schemes can usually be passed on to your beneficiaries free of tax.

beneficiary

If you die before you reach the age of 75, the remaining pension can normally be taken as a lump sum or as income – both usually paid out tax free. If you die after age 75, the remaining fund can still be paid out as a lump sum, taxed at 45%, or used to provide an income, taxed at the beneficiary’s rate of income tax.