On the night of November 9, 1989, the Berlin Wall—the most potent symbol of the cold-war division of Europe—came down.

After World War Two a Cold War developed between the capitalist Western countries and the Communist countries of the Eastern Bloc. Soviet leader Joseph Stalin wanted a buffer zone of friendly Communist countries to protect the USSR from further attack in the future.

In Russia, efforts to build communism began after Tsar Nicholas II lost his power during the February Revolution, which started in 1917, and ended with the dissolution of the USSR in 1991. In 1922, the Communist Reds were victorious and formed the Soviet Union, making Russia communist.

Soviet Unionnoun. The name for a constitutionally socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991. Etymology: Short form of Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.

Kulak, (Russian: “fist”), in Russian and Soviet history, a wealthy or prosperous peasant, generally characterized as one who owned a relatively large farm and several head of cattle and horses and who was financially capable of employing hired labour and leasing land.

Glavnoye Upravleniye Ispravitelno-Trudovykh Lagerey

By 1936 the government had collectivized almost all the peasantry. But in the process millions of those who had offered resistance had been deported to prison camps and removed from productive activity in agriculture. This caused a major famine in the countryside (1932–33) and the deaths of millions of peasants.

government officials alone. The Soviet government decided to eliminate kulaks because of their strong resistance to A. collective farming.

Stalin’s main motive for the creation of Soviet satellite states in Eastern Europe was the need for security. When the war ended, the Soviet Union was the only Communist country in the world and Stalin believed that Western countries were bent on destroying it.

A divided Europe After a long history of enemy invasions, Soviet leader Josef Stalin wanted to expand its territory and build a buffer between the Soviet Union and Europe. He also wanted control in Central and Eastern European countries that the Soviets had helped liberate.

The purpose of the invasion (codenamed Operation Countenance) was to secure Iranian oil fields and ensure supply lines (see Persian Corridor) for the Soviets fighting against European Axis countries on the Eastern Front.

In the decades after it was established, the Russian-dominated Soviet Union grew into one of the world’s most powerful and influential states and eventually encompassed 15 republics–Russia, Ukraine, Georgia, Belorussia, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Latvia.

What benefits came from the collapse of communism in Eastern Europe check all that apply? greater freedom of movement. broader range of public services. more honesty in government.

How did the collapse of communism affect the European Union? It caused the European Union to expand as more nations joined. It caused the European Union to change its economic policies. It caused the European Union to contract as nations broke away.

Since 1957, the European Union has benefited its citizens by working for peace and prosperity. It helps protect our basic political, social and economic rights. Although we may take them for granted, these benefits improve our daily lives.

The UK formally left the EU on 31 January 2020, following on a public vote held in June 2016.

According to the European Union’s official website, the union’s purpose is to promote peace, establish a unified economic and monetary system, promote inclusion and combat discrimination, break down barriers to trade and borders, encourage technological and scientific developments, champion environmental protection.

European Union They are: human dignity, freedom, democracy, equality, rule of law, and human rights. These fundamental values are defined in the Treaty of Lisbon.