First, choose the “universe,” that is the population the poll aims to measure.

Terms in this set (5)

• Define the universe.
• Construct a sample.
• Prepare vaild questions.
• Conduct Interviews.
• Report polling findings and interpret results.

Terms in this set (6)

• Find target population.
• construct a random sample.
• prepare questions.
• select and control the poll.
• report findings to public.
• Margin error. indicates how accurate the sample surveyed reflects the views of the target population usually 3-5%

Scientific Polling – consists of surveying a random sample of the population in order to obtain statistically significant results for an upcoming vote or election. means of communication; it transits some kind of information. private organizations whose members share certain views and work to shape public policy.

Scientific PollingA. What are the three basic steps of scientific polling? Sampling, asking questions, and interpreting the results B. In scientific polling, what is the relationship between the universe, a representative sample, andrandom sampling?

Polls are taken for the purpose of providing information on an opponent that would lead respondents to vote against that candidate. Random sampling is a method of selection that gives potential voter or adult approximately the same chance of being selected.

Purpose. Exit polls are also used to collect demographic data about voters and to find out why they voted as they did. Since actual votes are cast anonymously, polling is the only way of collecting this information.

A push poll is an interactive marketing technique, most commonly employed during political campaigning, in which an individual or organization attempts to manipulate or alter prospective voters’ views under the guise of conducting an opinion poll.

The Bradley effect (less commonly the Wilder effect) is a theory concerning observed discrepancies between voter opinion polls and election outcomes in some United States government elections where a white candidate and a non-white candidate run against each other.

The mass media are another agent of socialization. Television shows, movies, popular music, magazines, Web sites, and other aspects of the mass media influence our political views; our tastes in popular culture; our views of women, people of color, and gays; and many other beliefs and practices.

Media socialization is mostly an implicit learning and cultivation process. Media—as well as conditioning by family, peers, and cultural context—allow for observational learning, which is a process of encoding lasting behavioral scripts and cognitions sim- ply as a consequence of observing others (Bandura, 1977).

Answer: Yes, it is possible to balance the pursuit of private goods over public goods and this balance is a desirable goal. Explanation: The pursuit of private goods over public goods can be balanced with the help of various government policies and taxes.

Evaluate the Citizens United decision. Why might the Court have considered campaign contributions a form of speech? citizens united, corporations, labor unions should be able to put in messages in their corporations. You can’t publish it, but people who have money can have a louder voice.

Non-excludable goods refer to public goodsPublic GoodsPublic goods are goods that are commonly available to all people within a society or community and that possess two specific qualities: they that cannot exclude a certain person or group of persons from using such goods.

Shopping malls, for instance, provide shoppers with a variety of services that are traditionally considered public goods: lighting, protection services, benches, and restrooms are examples. Therefore, the shopping mall finances the services through receipts from the sale of private goods in the mall.

By defining “public space,” it can be shown that shopping malls, while they may present themselves as public spaces, are not true public spaces. By limiting who uses the space and what uses are made of the space, shopping malls effect individuals by stunting their social interactions and activities within these spaces.

Summary

• A public good has two key characteristics: it is nonexcludable and nonrivalrous.
• Nonexcludable means that it is costly or impossible for one user to exclude others from using a good.
• Nonrivalrous means that when one person uses a good, it does not prevent others from using it.

The 4 different types of goods are:

• Private Goods.
• Public Goods.
• Congestible Goods.
• Club Goods.