This article describes the dualistic nature of Western thought and the division between nature and culture. At the simplest level, a dualism is the conceptual division of something into two distinct parts. In Western thought, nature has tended to be understood as dualistically opposed to culture or humanity.

A clearer translation of Descartes’ definitive statement might be, “I am thinking, therefore I exist.” Regardless, in his exultant declaration — cogito ergo sum! It is impossible to doubt the existence of your own thoughts, because in the act of doubting, you are thinking. …

Gnostics were dualists and worshipped two (or more) gods; Christians were monists and worshipped one God. Gnostics focused on eradication of ignorance; Christian concern was the eradication of sin.

Much traditional social psychology tends to contrast the individual or the self on the one hand with the collective, group, or society on the other. This produces an individual-social dualism where the individual and the social are seen as opposite poles or different terms of an equation.

Benjamin Higgins

The Republic of India is considered one of the potential superpowers of the world. In 2015, India became the world’s fastest growing economy with a 7.5% estimated GDP rate (mid year terms). The country must overcome many economic, social, and political problems before it can be considered a superpower.

The concept was originally created by Julius Herman Boeke to describe the coexistence of modern and traditional economic sectors in a colonial economy. Dual economies are common in less developed countries, where one sector is geared to local needs and another to the global export market.

The dual economy theory suggests that, prima facie, factor market inefficiencies exist within the economy. This lowers overall productivity and income by allocating too many factors of production to the low productivity sector, typically agriculture.

Dualism states the co-existence of two separate worlds. There is a chronic difference between the two worlds which tends to increase over time if developed nations do not help the developing counterparts. It is also major characteristics of developing countries.

Dual production refers to agricultural enterprises that raise some animals under an industrialized, factory-style system and others under an alternative, higher-welfare system.