Surface runoff is water, from rain, snowmelt, or other sources, that flows over the land surface, and is a major component of the water cycle. Runoff that occurs on surfaces before reaching a channel is also called overland flow. A land area which produces runoff draining to a common point is called a watershed.
Q. What measure is used to calculate the rainfall volume of a watershed?
Multiply the average annual rainfall (convert to feet or meters) by the area of the parking lot (square feet or meters). Volume should be recorded in cubic feet (ft3) or cubic meters (m3).
Table of Contents
- Q. What measure is used to calculate the rainfall volume of a watershed?
- Q. How do you calculate rainfall over area?
- Q. How is watershed measured?
- Q. What are 4 main ideas that affect runoff in watershed?
- Q. What is the difference between runoff and discharge?
- Q. What pollutants can get into the runoff?
- Q. Why is urban runoff bad?
- Q. What are infiltration systems?
Q. How do you calculate rainfall over area?
Divide by two to find the average radius. Find the average volume of rain = Depth x radius x radius x 3.14. Find the area at the top of the bucket (this is the area over which the rain is collected). Divide the rainfall volume by this area to get the rainfall.
Q. How is watershed measured?
Watershed Scale. A watershed is a topographically defined area such that all the precipitation falling into the area leaves in a single stream. Watershed outputs are quantified by measuring streamwater flow volumes using a stream gauging station.
Q. What are 4 main ideas that affect runoff in watershed?
Watershed factors affecting runoff are land slope, shape, soil, and land use. The principal effect of land slope is on the rate of runoff. Runoff will flow faster on a steeper slope.
Q. What is the difference between runoff and discharge?
Thus, the terms discharge, streamflow, and runoff represent water with the solids dissolved in it and the sediment mixed with it. Of these terms, discharge is the most comprehensive. The discharge of drainage basins is distinguished as follows: Yield.
Q. What pollutants can get into the runoff?
Runoff picks up fertilizer, oil, pesticides, dirt, bacteria and other pollutants as it makes its way through storm drains and ditches – untreated – to our streams, rivers, lakes and the ocean. Polluted runoff is one of the greatest threats to clean water in the U.S.
Q. Why is urban runoff bad?
As stormwater flows across streets, sidewalks, lawns and golf courses, it can pick up harmful pollutants and push them into storm drains, rivers and streams. Stormwater runoff can push pesticides, leaking fuel or motor oil and other chemical contaminants into rivers and streams.
Q. What are infiltration systems?
Infiltration components are used to capture surface water runoff and allow it to infiltrate (soak) and filter through to the subsoil layer, before returning it to the water table below. Infiltration components can be incorporated into a range of SuDS components.
