The Hippocratic Oath discusses basic principles for medical professionals. This document dates back to the fifth century BCE. Both The Declaration of Helsinki (1964) and The Nuremberg Code (1947) are two well-known and well respected documents contributing to medical ethics.

The Declaration of Helsinki is a statement outlining the ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects that was initially adopted by the 18th Assembly of the World Medical Association in Helsinki, Finland in June 1964.

In response to the criticism of unethical human experimentation, the Weimar Republic (Germany’s government from 1919 to 1933) issued “Guidelines for New Therapy and Human Experimentation”. The guidelines were based on beneficence and non-maleficence, but also stressed legal doctrine of informed consent.

The Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis in the Negro Male (informally referred to as the “Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment”, the “Tuskegee Syphilis Study”, the “Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis in the African American Male”, the “U.S. Public Health Service Syphilis Study at Tuskegee”, or the “Tuskegee Experiment”) was …

The Declaration developed the ten principles first stated in the Nuremberg Code, and tied them to the Declaration of Geneva (1948), a statement of physicians’ ethical duties.

After the Fund ceased its involvement, the federal government decided to take over the funding and changed its mission to being a non-therapeutic study.

5,000 schools

Julius Rosenwald (August 12, 1862 – January 6, 1932) was an American businessman and philanthropist. He is best known as a part-owner and leader of Sears, Roebuck and Company, and for establishing the Rosenwald Fund, which donated millions in matching funds to promote vocational or technical education.

Alvah Curtis Roebuck

Roebuck died on June 18, 1948 while visiting his daughter in Evanston, Illinois. He was 84 years old. He was buried at Acacia Park Cemetery in Chicago, Illinois.

Julius Rosenwald transformed Sears & Roebuck into the successful company it became in the early 20th century. Through a foundation established in 1917, Rosenwald funded nearly 5,000 schools that educated African American children throughout the rural south well into the 20th century. …

‘No man’s land’ Meanwhile, Sears Holdings is still in bankruptcy, two and a half years after filing. Some vendors who shipped to the company in the weeks leading up to and after Sears filed for bankruptcy are still trying to get paid as administrative creditors.

6 January 1932

Philanthropist Julius Rosenwald sponsored the Rosenwald schools to provide education for African-Americans in rural communities; the Julius Rosenwald Fund helped build 389 schools in Arkansas, including the one in Delight. The school closed in the 1970s, when many of the Rosenwald schools closed due to desegregation.

Transformco

Sears Modern Homes were catalog and kit houses sold primarily through mail order by Sears, Roebuck and Co., an American retailer. Sears reported that more than 70,000 of these homes were sold in North America between 1908 and 1940.

The move to close Hometown stores was criticized by several of their owners; the owners of five Alberta dealers reported that most of their locations were still profitable, and stated that due to the restructuring proceedings, they were losing out on compensation prescribed by their contracts with Sears if the retailer …

On October 14, 2018, Sears’ parent company Sears Holdings filed for chapter 11 bankruptcy protection leaving the future of the Kenmore brand undecided. Sears will continue to sell Kenmore products and honor warranties while it undergoes restructuring.