Research, as well as scientific and technical innovation, will be critical to saving the environment, reducing the impact of global warming, helping in adapting to climate change, cleaning up polluted areas and taking care of our own health.

Science and technology help us to understand the mechanism of natural hazards of atmos- pherical, geological, hydrological, and biological origins and to analyze the transformation of these hazards into disasters.

Science during crises helps guide decision-making, from search and rescue operations and environmental remediation plans to health monitoring and evacuation planning. Further, scientific work done in emergency response directly impacts the lives and livelihoods of survivors in a crisis-affected area.

The wide spectrum of technologies used in all four phases of disaster management preparedness, mitigation, response and recovery are remote sensing, Geographical Information System, Global Positioning System (GPS), Satellite navigation system, Satellite communication, Amateur and community radio, television and radio …

Science and technology help us to understand the mechanism of natural hazards of atmospherical, geological, hydrological, and biological origins which are made up of an orderly system of facts that have been learned from study, experiments, and observations of floods, severe storms, earthquakes, landslides, volcanic …

It calls to prioritize the development and dissemination of science-based risk knowledge, methodologies and tools, science and technology work on DRR through existing networks and research institutions and strengthened interface between science and policy to support all four priority areas: understanding disaster risk; …

In 2015, the United Nations said that about 90% of all natural disasters are weather related. To help reduce the loss of life, scientists today employ a wide array of technological tools to better anticipate natural disasters and improve weather forecasting.

Man-made disasters are the result of carelessness or human errors during technological and industrial use. The disasters are in the form of accidents, which occur all of a sudden and take a huge toll on life and property. Mostly such disasters cause injuries, diseases and casualties where they occur.

Disasters like floods and droughts can be partially prevented by taking care of the environment. Reckless cutting of trees reduces annual rainfall and leads to soil erosion and land-slides. Industrialization and Housing projects must keep in mind the ecological balance of nature.

Man-made disasters are extreme hazardous events that are caused by human beings. Some examples of man-made disaster emergencies include chemical spills, hazardous material spills, explosions, chemical or biological attacks, nuclear blast, train accidents, plane crashes, or groundwater contamination.

6 factors that lead to human error

• Fatigue: Fatigue is a prime factor that causes caregivers to become error-prone.
• Emotional stress: Emotional stress is another factor that can precipitate human error.
• Multitasking: Another activity that increases the likelihood of errors is multitasking.

The propensity for error is so intrinsic to human behavior and activity that scientifically it is best considered as inherently biologic, since faultless performance and error result from the same mental process. All the available evidence clearly indicates that human errors are random unintended events.

Five Ways You Can Reduce Human Error in the Workplace

1. Don’t make targets and deadlines unattainable.
2. Make sure staff have access to the tools they need.
3. Work on your internal communication lines.
4. Offer regular training and personal development.
5. Consider cloud storage and document management.

Human beings are prone to making mistakes, but all too frequently organisational issues make such errors inevitable or at least more likely. Human failings are rarely root causes – instead, a systemic approach to safety views human error as a consequence of other failures.

There are many types of human error, which have just as many causes. After all, 90% of accidents in the workplace are due to human error. Because of this, it’s important to recognize the common causes of human error to prevent those errors from becoming accidents.

There are three types of human error: slips and lapses (skill-based errors), and mistakes. These types of human error can happen to even the most experienced and well-trained person.

The common initial reaction when is to find and blame an error occurs someone. However, even apparently single events or errors are due most often to the convergence of multiple contributing factors. Blaming an individual does not change these factors and the same error is likely to recur.

There are broadly two types of failures . i.e. Active and Latent. Active failures mean failures done by individual worker or operator. These types of failures are direct cause of the accident/ incident and consequence can be seen immediately after the failure.

Active failures are the unsafe acts committed by people who are in direct contact with the patient or system. They take a variety of forms: slips, lapses, fumbles, mistakes, and procedural violations.

So just how normal is human error? In fact, research suggests that regardless of the activity or task being conducted, humans make between 3-6 errors per hour.

Human error is a generic term that involves all those instances where a planned activity fails to achieve its intended outcome. For example, forgetting to set your park brake in your car or misapplying your vehicle brakes in wet and slippery road conditions.

Two types of human error are transcriptional error and estimation error. Transcriptional error occurs when data is recorded or written down incorrectly.

Human error refers to something having been done that was “not intended by the actor; not desired by a set of rules or an external observer; or that led the task or system outside its acceptable limits”. Human error is one of the many contributing causes of risk events.

There are 3 types of active human error: Slips and lapses – made inadvertently by experienced operators during routine tasks; Mistakes – decisions subsequently found to be wrong, though the maker believed them to be correct at the time; and. Violations – deliberate deviations from rules for safe operation of equipment.

To prevent that, follow these 8 ways to avoid mistakes and you will never have to worry again!

1. Give Full Attention To What You’re Doing. Always focus on your tasks and projects first.
2. Avoid Distractions.
3. Take Breaks.
4. Ask Questions.
5. Create a Checklist.
6. Be Clear About Your Role.
7. Review.
8. Learn From Your Mistakes.

Here are some tips you can use to reduce the chances of making more errors at work:

1. Give your work your full attention at the best times.
2. Double-check all communications and presentations.
3. Create checklists.
4. Review your work.
5. Take breaks.
6. Eliminate distractions.
7. Ask questions.
8. Create a detailed schedule.

Five ways to reduce errors based on reliability science

• Standardize your approach.
• Use decision aids and reminders.
• Take advantage of pre-existing habits and patterns.
• Make the desired action the default, rather than the exception.
• Create redundancy.