The Cannon-Bard theory of emotion states that stimulating events trigger feelings and physical reactions that occur at the same time. For example, seeing a snake might prompt both the feeling of fear (an emotional response) and a racing heartbeat (a physical reaction).

James-Lange theory

First proposed by American psychologist James [5] and independently developed by Danish psychologist Lange [8], the James-Lange theory of emotion states that the immediate, primary cause of an emotion is physical. In this sense, emotions are bodily sensations or processes variously combined.

• In psychology, emotion is often defined as a complex state of feeling that results in physical and psychological changes that influence thought and behavior.
• The James-Lange theory is one of the best-known examples of a physiological theory of emotion.

The emotions better recognized from the whole face were happiness, anger, and disgust, followed by fear; while surprise, neutral emotion, and sadness were more difficult to recognize.

anger

However, culture also influences emotion in various ways. Culture constrains how emotions are felt and expressed in a given cultural context. It shapes the ways people should feel in certain situations and the ways people should express their emotions.

Fear

Thomas Brown

Based on years of research, early emotion scientists gravitated towards a theory of universality: Emotions are innate, biologically driven reactions to certain challenges and opportunities, sculpted by evolution to help humans survive.

Alexithymia is a broad term to describe problems with feeling emotions. In fact, this Greek term used in Freudian psychodynamic theories loosely translates to “no words for emotion.” While the condition is not well-known, it’s estimated that 1 in 10 people has it.

adjective. having or showing little or no emotion: apathetic behavior.

Someone who hides their pain behind a smile .