What is Q-factor? Hint: The quality factor or ‘Q’ is a dimensionless quantity that describes the nature of damping in a resonating circuit. It is indeed the ratio of maximum energy stored in the circuit to the energy dissipated during each cycle of oscillation.

The cut-off frequency or -3dB point, can be found using the standard formula, ƒc = 1/(2πRC). The phase angle of the output signal at ƒc and is -45o for a Low Pass Filter.

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Q-factor: In LCR Circuit, the ratio of resonance frequency to the difference of its neighbouring frequencies so that their corresponding current is 1/2 times of the peak value, is called Q-factor of the circuit. Formula: Q=R1CL.

In physics and engineering, the quality factor or Q factor is a dimensionless parameter that describes how underdamped an oscillator or resonator is. Resonators with high quality factors have low damping, so that they ring or vibrate longer.

The ratio between the resistance components and the frequency-dependent inductance (R/2πf L) is called the loss factor, and its inverse number is the Q value (Q=2πf L/R). Because f is the frequency of the current flowing through the coil, the Q value will differ according to the frequency.

When dealing with RF tuned circuits, there are many reasons why Q factor is important. Bandwidth: With increasing Q factor or quality factor, so the bandwidth of the tuned circuit filter is reduced. As losses decrease so the tuned circuit becomes sharper as energy is stored better in the circuit.

Explanation: Quality factor is also known as voltage magnification because the voltage across the capacitor or inductor in resonance condition is equal to Q times the source voltage.

The Q factor is a dimensionless parameter that indicates the energy losses within a resonant element which could be anything from a mechanical pendulum, an element in a mechanical structure, or within electronic circuit such as a resonant circuit.

The “Q” or Quality Factor This Q Factor is a measure of how “Selective” or “Un-selective” the band pass filter is towards a given spread of frequencies. The lower the value of the Q factor the wider is the bandwidth of the filter and consequently the higher the Q factor the narrower and more “selective” is the filter.

The frequencies for which current in a series RLC (or a series tuned) circuit is equal to 1/√2 (i.e. 70.71%) of the maximum current (current at resonance)are known as Half Power Frequencies.