What is obstructive uropathy? Obstructive uropathy is when your urine can’t flow (either partially or completely) through your ureter, bladder, or urethra due to some type of obstruction. Instead of flowing from your kidneys to your bladder, urine flows backward, or refluxes, into your kidneys.

Reflux nephropathy is a condition in which the kidneys are damaged by the backward flow of urine into the kidney.

Vesicoureteral reflux is usually diagnosed in infants and children. The disorder increases the risk of urinary tract infections, which, if left untreated, can lead to kidney damage. Children may outgrow primary vesicoureteral reflux. Treatment, which includes medication or surgery, aims at preventing kidney damage.

Hypertension in reflux nephropathy contributes significantly to morbidity including deterioration of renal function. The mechanism of onset of hypertension is not clear although abnormalities of the renin-angiotensin system and sodium/potassium ATPase activity have been described in some cases.

What causes vesicoureteral reflux?

• abnormal bladder function, due to nerve or spinal cord problems, such as spina bifida.
• urinary-tract abnormalities, such as posterior urethral valves, bladder exstrophy, ureterocele, or ureter duplication.

Although acid reflux may be more common among those with kidney disease, there’s no proven link between kidney disease and an increased risk of acid reflux. “It has yet to be established that kidney disease itself causes GERD,” says gastroenterologist Dr.

Upset stomach/antacid medications. This group of over-the-counter medications can disrupt the body’s electrolyte balance if you have chronic kidney disease. Check with your doctor to see if these are safe for you to use.

Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is a less recognized cause of hypertension in the adult population. It is a congenital anomaly of the ureterovesical junction due to deficiency of the submucosal longitudinal muscle that predisposes the individual to retrograde urine reflux.

The exact cause of hypertension due to renal scarring is not known, but it is believed to be due to segmental ischemia with increased renin secretion, and it is not dependent on scarring severity.

It is clear that in a large proportion of patients VUR is genetic in origin. Forty five percent of children with primary VUR are from families where at least one additional family member is affected, and often the disease occurs in two or more generations (10,14).

Continual UTIs can permanently damage the kidney When a child has VUR, urine backs up into the kidney. Sometimes the urine contains bacteria that cause a urinary tract infection (UTI). Bacteria in the kidney can lead to damage over time, which may eventually lead to kidney failure and/or high blood pressure.

Signs and symptoms of kidney disease vary according to the specific cause of the kidney problem. They may include fever, chills, blood or protein in the urine, nausea, vomiting, itching, and swelling of the body. Other associated symptoms can include fatigue, easy bruising, headaches, insomnia, and changes in urine color.

Signs and symptoms of chronic kidney disease develop over time if kidney damage progresses slowly. Signs and symptoms of kidney disease may include: Nausea. Vomiting. Loss of appetite. Fatigue and weakness. Sleep problems.

Treatment for chronic kidney disease focuses on slowing the progression of the kidney damage, usually by controlling the underlying cause. Chronic kidney disease can progress to end-stage kidney failure, which is fatal without artificial filtering (dialysis) or a kidney transplant.

Symptoms of a kidney infection can vary, based on the progression of the disease and the type of bacteria involved. Most cases result in urinary problems, such as burning sensations and frequent urges. Occasionally, blood can be present in the urine. A person may also experience fever, nausea, and vomiting as an infection worsens.