Sodium chloride is the chemical name for salt. Sodium is an electrolyte that regulates the amount of water in your body. Sodium also plays a part in nerve impulses and muscle contractions. Sodium chloride is used to treat or prevent sodium loss caused by dehydration, excessive sweating, or other causes.

The Lewis Structure for the Salt NaCl, shows two ions which have their (Now) outer shells of electrons filled with a complete octet. In the case of the sodium cation, the filled shell is the outermost of the ‘core’ electron shells. In the Chloride ion, the outer shell of valence electrons is complete with 8 electrons.

They combine as atoms, and separate as ions. When sodium and chlorine atoms come together to form sodium chloride (NaCl), they transfer an electron. Because the sodium ion has a positive charge, and the chlorine ion has a negative charge, they are attracted to each other, and form an ionic bond.

Answer. Answer: Sodium chloride is an ionic compound formed by the transfer of electrons from sodium to chlorine. Chlorine atom will gain one electron to gain noble gas configuration and form chloride ion with -1 charge. In sodium chloride the one electron from sodium metal gets transferred to chlorine atom.

NaCl

Sodium chloride

The compound composed of these ions exhibits properties entirely different from the properties of the elements sodium and chlorine. Chlorine is poisonous, but sodium chloride is essential to life; sodium atoms react vigorously with water, but sodium chloride simply dissolves in water.

Method 1: identify aqueous NaCl from aqueous KCl from aqueous silver nitrate

1. With silver nitrate, NaCl and NaBr gives AgCl and AgBr precipitates respectively.
2. AgCl is not soluble in water and form a white color precipitate.
3. AgBr is a pale yellow color insoluble precipitate in water.

Purity of a common salt compound can be determined with knowledge of the molar mass of the sample, the molar mass of each element and the standard values of percent composition of salt at it’s purest. Calculate the percent composition of sodium and chlorine in the sample using the molar mass of sodium chloride.

801 °C

1,465 °C

(b) For a compound to be soluble, the hydration energy must be greater than the lattice energy . Since, NaCl is soluble in water but insouble in bezene.

If there two rules appear to contradict each other, the preceding rule takes precedence.

1. Salts containing Group I elements (Li+, Na+, K+, Cs+, Rb+) are soluble .
2. Salts containing nitrate ion (NO3-) are generally soluble.
3. Salts containing Cl -, Br -, or I – are generally soluble.
4. Most silver salts are insoluble.

heterogeneous mixture

Since carbon-hydrogen bonds have no polarity, benzene is a nonpolar compound that effectively dissolves oils. It serves as a solvent to extract oil from shale. Other organic solvents, such as diethyl ether and acetone, serve the same purpose.