Culture conflict theory is also known as cultural deviance theory This theory suggests that crime is caused due to the clash of values that arises when different social groups have different ideas of acceptable behavior

The functionalist perspective sees society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability This approach looks at society through a macro-level orientation and broadly focuses on the social structures that shape society as a whole

For example, conflict theory can be used to look at wars, violence, revolutions, and forms of injustice and discrimination by explaining that there is a natural disparity in society that causes these problems

An example of cultural conflict is the debate over abortion Ethnic cleansing is another extreme example of cultural conflict Wars can also be a result of a cultural conflict; for example the differing views on slavery were one of the reasons for the American civil war

A cultural conflict is a dislike, hostility, or struggle between communities who have different philosophies and ways of living, resulting in contradictory aspirations and behaviors The notion originates from sociological conflict theories and anthropological concepts of intercultural relations

The repetition of the act of one person by another under the influence of suggestion offered, he thought, “the key to the social mystery”‘ The influence of one mind upon another was explained by this suggestion-imitation process, and consequently all changes and movements in society2 “Society

Theory of Imitation: the idea that children imitated what they heard around them This theory is based on the behaviorism of B F Theory of Feedback or Reinforcement: The idea that parent correction of children’s speech errors is what causes children to produce grammatically well-formed utterances

1 : an act or instance of imitating 2 : something produced as a copy : counterfeit 3 : a literary work designed to reproduce the style of another author 4 : the repetition by one voice of a melody, phrase, or motive stated earlier in the composition by a different voice

Imitation occurs when an individual engages in a behavior that is modeled on or follows his or her observation of another individual’s behavior An individual can observe the behavior of potential models either directly or indirectly (eg, through the media)

Cesare Lombroso

It is supplemented by many other groups of anti-criminal “generalized others” The theory of differential identification, in essence, is that a person pursues criminal behavior to the extent that he identifies himself with real or imaginary persons from whose perspective his criminal behavior seems ac- ceptable

Nine Propositions of Differential Association Theory All criminal behavior is learned Criminal behavior is learned through interactions with others via a process of communication Most learning about criminal behavior happens in intimate personal groups and relationships

A person becomes a criminal because of frequent criminal patterns For example, if one is exposed to a repeated criminal scenario, this scenario will eventually rub off on others nearby The differential association theory can differ in frequency, duration, priority and intensity

In criminology, differential association is a theory developed by Edwin Sutherland proposing that through interaction with others, individuals learn the values, attitudes, techniques, and motives for criminal behavior It grows socially easier for the individuals to commit a crime

Labeling theory helps to explain why a behavior is considered negatively deviant to some people, groups, and cultures but positively deviant to others For example, think about fictional vigilantes, like Robin Hood and Batman Batman is labeled in different ways depending on the public’s reaction to his escapades

Social learning theory suggests that people learn the techniques and attitudes of crime from relationships with criminal peers Sutherland’s differential association theory claims that crime is learned in the same way as any other kind of behavior

Which of the following is a criticism of differential association theory? It accounts only for the communication of criminal values, not their emergence Social control theories focus on: The process through which social integration develops