To acquire the quantitative results of forest fire influence range, Zarate et al. (2008) researched on the max ignition distance of forest fires and concluded the safe distance of wood houses is 36 m when there is a surface fire, and 54 m when there is a crown fire.

Fuel breaks, such as gravel pathways or driveways, can act as a barrier to keep fire away from your property. An easy way to add a fuel break is by replacing woodchips or dried grass that is frequently used as pathways and instead use gravel or another fire-resistant material.

Keep smoke outside. Choose a room you can close off from outside air. Set up a portable air cleaner or a filter to keep the air in this room clean even when it’s smoky in the rest of the building and outdoors. If you use a do-it-yourself box fan filtration unit, never leave it unattended.

100 feet

Defensible space itself generally consists of two zones, which form concentric circles around your house (and other relevant structures, like a garage). Collectively, the two zones create a 100-foot barrier around your home.

The safety zone should be as large as you can possibly make it. How big depends on the height of the nearest vegetation. Fire specialists recommend that if your safety zone is a field surrounded by trees 50 feet tall, your safety zone should be at least 450 feet (150 yards) in diameter.

Safety Zones 1 (LCES)

• Locations that are downwind from the fire.
• Locations that are in chimneys, saddles, or narrow canyons.
• Locations that require a steep uphill escape route.

The definition of a safety zone is a marked area of a roadway set aside for pedestrians. An example of a safety zone is a bus stop. A platform or marked area in a roadway, from which vehicular traffic is diverted, for protection of pedestrians as in boarding or leaving buses.

Radius of the safety zone = 8 * slope wind factor * vegetation height = 8 * 2 * 3 feet = 48 feet. In these two examples, with slope, wind, and vegetation height remaining the same, the calculated safe separation distance of the proposed rule is double the distance of the existing rule.

LCES stands for lookout(s), communication(s), escape routes and safety zone(s). These are the same items stressed in the FIRE ORDERS and “Watchout” Situations. Lookouts must be trained to observe the wildland fire environment and to recognize and anticipate wildland fire behavior changes.

• Lookouts, communications, escape routes, and safety zones (LCES)

Light fuels, such as grass and pine needles, gain and lose moisture quickly with changes in relative humidity. When the RH drops, fire behavior increases because these fine fuels become drier. Heavy fuels, on the other hand, respond to humidity changes more slowly.

What is the term for the radio frequency used on an incident? Tactical.

Camp Fire

A fire spreads by transferring heat energy in three ways: Radiation, Convection, and Conduction. Radiation. Radiation refers to the emission of energy in rays or waves. Heat moves through space as energy waves. It is the type of heat one feels when sitting in front of a fireplace or around a campfire.

Talk around means that you are not going through the repeater. The most common way to do this is to program a channel with transmit and receive on the repeater output frequency. This way the mobile or portable does not transmit on the input to the repeater thus they are talking around the repeater.

A walkie talkie functions both as a transmitter and a receiver. Once the antenna from a transmitter and a receiver communicates through radio waves and translates it into a signal, it can be traceable. Also, tracing is legal, provided the walkie talkie is licensed.

1 : to avoid talking about (a particular subject) especially because it is difficult, unpleasant, or embarrassing They’ve been talking around the real issue rather than addressing it directly.