The point-to-point is a kind of line configuration which describes the method to connect two communication devices in a link. The point-to-point connection is a unicast connection. There is a dedicated link between an individual pair of sender and receiver.

On Frame Relay networks, a single VC is always provisioned for a point-to-point connection. The same VC originates at a local end and then terminates at the remote end. A subnet address is usually assigned to each point-to-point connection. Therefore, only one DLCI can be configured per point-to-point subinterface.

Frame Relay is a Layer 2 WAN protocol that cand be configured on physical serial links. In addition to physical interfaces, you can also configure two types of logical interfaces for Frame Relay – point-to-point and multipoint.

Frame relay is a packet-switching telecommunications service designed for cost-efficient data transmission for intermittent traffic between local area networks (LANs) and between endpoints in wide area networks (WANs).

The Frame Relay map defines the logical connection between a specific protocol and address pair and the correct DLCI. The optional ietf and cisco keywords allow flexibility in the configuration. If no keywords are specified, the map inherits the attributes set with the encapsulation frame-relay command.

In which of the following technologies is the term HFC used? Explanation: In a modern network, hybrid fibre-coaxial (HFC) is a telecommunications industry term for a network that incorporates both optical fiber and coaxial cable to create a broadband network.

Some examples of end devices are: computers (workstations, laptops, file servers, and web servers) nsetwork printers. VoIP phones.

Solution(By Examveda Team) It is very important to remember when studying the CCNA exam objectives, and when configuring Frame Relay with point-to-point subinterfaces, that you do not put an IP address on the physical interface.

Configuring a frame-relay switch is outside the scope of the CCNA, CCNP and even the CCIE exam. If you use GNS3 you can use the simple-to-configure frame-relay switch emulator. Let’s prepare the interfaces:

By default, Frame Relay is a non-broadcast multiple access (NBMA) network and does not support broadcast or multicast traffic. So without the broadcast keyword, dynamic routing protocols such as EIGRP, OSPF and RIPv2 would not be able to advertise multicast route updates over the corresponding DLCI.

The show frame-relay pvc command tells us that the PVCs are active. You can also see the DLCI numbers this way. This tells us that layer 2 of our frame-relay is working. In case of trouble it might be a good idea to verify LMI:

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/4/8 ms As you can see the hub router can reach both spoke routers. This is because Inverse ARP is enabled by default. We can check the frame-relay maps to confirm this: