An example of microprocessor architecture. The microprocessor contains the arithmetic logic unit (ALU) and the control unit for a microcomputer. It is connected to memory and I/O by buses which carry information between the units.

The microprocessor, also known as the Central Processing Unit (CPU), is the brain of all computers and many household and electronic devices. Multiple microprocessors, working together, are the “hearts” of datacenters, super-computers, communications products, and other digital devices.

A microprocessor system consists of data input, storage, processing and output devices, under the control of a CPU. The motherboard carries the microprocessor (CPU), RAM, BIOS ROM, bus controllers and I/O interfaces. • The CPU communicates with the main system chips via a shared set of address and data bus lines.

Microprocessors are classified into five types, namely: CISC-Complex Instruction Set Microprocessors, RISC-Reduced Instruction Set Microprocessor, ASIC- Application Specific Integrated Circuit, Superscalar Processors, DSP’s-Digital Signal Microprocessors.

Microprocessor Components

• Control Unit.
• I/O Units.
• Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
• Registers.
• Cache.

It is so called because this device comprises of transistors which are small in size (micro-meter). It has also used to denote something very small like a very small processor or microprocessor.

A Microprocessor is an important part of a computer architecture without which you will not be able to perform anything on your computer. It is a programmable device that takes in input perform some arithmetic and logical operations over it and produce desired output.

A microprocessor controls all functions of the CPU, or central processing unit, of a computer or other digital device. The microprocessor functions as an artificial brain. The entire function of the CPU is controlled by a single integrated circuit.