HEATING: The temperature of the solar nebula increases as it collapses. As the cloud shrinks, its gravitational potential energy is converted to the kinetic energy of individual gas particles falling inward. These particles crash into one another, converting their kinetic energy into thermal energy.

What is the leading hypothesis for the origin of the Moon? It formed from the material ejected from Earth in a giant impact.

Astronomy Midterm

As the cloud shrank, its gravitational potential energy was converted to kinetic energy and then into thermal energy. A) The interstellar cloud from which the solar nebula formed was originally somewhat flat. B) The force of gravity pulled the material downward into a flat disk.

The solar nebular hypothesis describes the formation of our solar system from a nebula cloud made from a collection of dust and gas. It is believed that the sun, planets, moons, and asteroids were formed around the same time around 4.5 billion years ago from a nebula.

The order of the planets in the solar system, starting nearest the sun and working outward is the following: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune and then the possible Planet Nine. If you insist on including Pluto, it would come after Neptune on the list.

Venus has too much greenhouse gas in its atmosphere, making it too hot. Mars has too little greenhouse gas in its atmosphere, making it too cold. The Earth has the right amount of greenhouse gas to maintain moderate temperatures.

Venus

The lunar surface and interior, however, are virtually devoid of oxygen, so pristine metallic iron is prevalent on the Moon and highly oxidized iron has not been confirmed in samples returned from the Apollo missions.

Without air in your lungs, blood will stop sending oxygen to your brain. You’ll pass out after about 15 seconds. 90 seconds after exposure, you’ll die from asphyxiation. It’s also very cold in space.