They contain their own circular DNA, like prokaryotes; 2. They have ribosomes that are similar to those in prokaryotic cells than those in eucaryotic cells; 3.

citric acid cycle

The aerobic phases of cellular respiration in eukaryotes occur within organelles called mitochondria. These aerobic phases are the Krebs Cycle and the electron transport chain.

The process is called oxidative phosphorylation and it happens inside mitochondria. In the matrix of mitochondria the reactions known as the citric acid or Krebs cycle produce a chemical called NADH. NADH is then used by enzymes embedded in the mitochondrial inner membrane to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

Plants and animals are very different on the outside as well as on the cellular level. mitochondria, but only plant cells have chloroplasts. ​ Plants don’t get their sugar from eating food, so they need to make sugar from sunlight. This process (photosynthesis) takes place in the chloroplast.

1. Genes within chloroplasts and mitochondria derive from subsets of endosymbiont genes whose products regulate their own gene transcription. These genes remain, along with their protein products, within a single membrane-bound compartment.

Although most DNA is packaged in chromosomes within the nucleus, mitochondria also have a small amount of their own DNA. The remaining genes provide instructions for making molecules called transfer RNA (tRNA) and ribosomal RNA (rRNA), which are chemical cousins of DNA.

Since fatty acids enter the pathway at the citric acid cycle, they can not be broken down in the absence of oxygen. This means that if cells are not performing aerobic cellular respiration, the body can not burn fat for energy.