Growth phases

They grow through a combination of cell growth and cell division (mitosis). The key to plant growth is meristem, a type of plant tissue consisting of undifferentiated cells that can continue to divide and differentiate. Meristem allows plant stems and roots to grow longer (primary growth) and wider (secondary growth).

The increase in size and changes in shape of a developing organism depend on the increase in the number and size of cells that make up the individual. Increase in cell number occurs by a precise cellular reproductive mechanism called mitosis. Hence, a cycle consisting of cell growth and cell division is established.

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The growth of the rice plant is divided into three stages:

• vegetative (germination to panicle initiation);
• reproductive (panicle initiation to flowering); and.
• ripening (flowering to mature grain)

• Germination. Germination in rice occurs when the first shoots and roots start to emerge from the seed and the rice plant begins to grow.
• Vegetative phase.
• Reproductive phase.
• Ripening phase.

Several growth stages help identify critical periods during the life cycle of the rice crop. They are generally separated into stages primarily associated either with vegetative or reproductive development. The vegetative phase occurs first and is associated with the six- to eight-week period following planting.

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Tillering begins around 40 days after planting and can last up to 120 days. It is a physiological process of continuous underground branching of compact node joints of the primary shoot (Figure 2.8). Tillering gives the crop the necessary number of stalks required for a good production.

Rice plants grow to a height of three to four feet over an average of 120 days after planting. During this time, farmers irrigate the rice fields using the method that best fits that field or farm.

Generally, the ideal harvest time lies between 130 and 136 days after sowing for late, 113 and 125 for medium, and 110 days for early-maturing varieties. For dry season harvesting, an optimum time is 28 to 35 days after heading. In wet season harvest, optimum time is 32 to 38 days after heading.

To grow strong and verdant, plants need sun and water as well as soil that has sufficient nutrients… and that’s where commercial fertilizer comes in. Fertilizer puts badly needed nutrients back into the soil, but it can be harsh on plants, and it’s costly too.

Perennials, including most bushes and trees, take about two years to mature and continue to grow for as long as conditions permit. Research your specific plant to make sure it gets the proper amount of sunlight, water and nutrients.

Plants have specific needs – light, air, water, nutrients, and space – to survive and reproduce. Almost all plants need these five things to survive: Light. Air.

ANSWER: Plants grow everywhere. They grow on land, in the ocean, in lakes and rivers, on mountain tops, and in the desert.

Plants are really important for the planet and for all living things. Plants absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen from their leaves, which humans and other animals need to breathe. Living things need plants to live – they eat them and live in them.

All of earth’s oxygen does not come from trees. Rather, the atmospheric oxygen that we depend on as humans comes predominantly from the ocean. In photosynthesis, plants capture sunlight and use its energy to split carbon dioxide and water, making sugar for itself and releasing oxygen as a by-product.

As with photosynthesis, plants get oxygen from the air through the stomata. Respiration takes place in the mitochondria of the cell in the presence of oxygen, which is called “aerobic respiration”.

Since humans do not have gills, we cannot extract oxygen from water. Some marine mammals, like whales and dolphins, do live in water, but they don’t breathe it. They have developed a mechanism to hold their breath for long periods of time underwater.