Five Kingdom Classification System

There are seven main taxonomic ranks: kingdom, phylum or division, class, order, family, genus, species. In addition, domain (proposed by Carl Woese) is now widely used as a fundamental rank, although it is not mentioned in any of the nomenclature codes, and is a synonym for dominion (lat.

The seven layers of subgrouping are Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species. If you like mnemonics, “Kindly penguins commonly order fresh green sausage” is one way to remember this list.

• Monera (includes Eubacteria and Archeobacteria) Individuals are single-celled, may or may not move, have a cell wall, have no chloroplasts or other organelles, and have no nucleus.
• Protista.
• Fungi.
• Plantae.
• Animalia.
• A “mini-key” to the five kingdoms.

Then in the 1860s, the German investigator Ernst Haeckel proposed a three-kingdom system of classification. Haeckel’s three kingdoms were Animalia, Plantae, and Protista.

The two-kingdom classification was proposed by Carolus Linnaeus. He categorised and classified the living organisms on the basis of nutrition and mobility. The living organisms were classified into Kingdom Plantae and Kingdom Animalia.

R. Whittaker

Subject classification schemes

• Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC). The most widely used universal classification scheme in the world.
• Universal Decimal Classification (UDC). UDC is a popular and widely used classification scheme.
• Library of Congress Classification (LCC). LCC is commonly used in academic libraries across the world.

There are perhaps four main types of classification tasks that you may encounter; they are:

• Binary Classification.
• Multi-Class Classification.
• Multi-Label Classification.
• Imbalanced Classification.

English language universal classification systems

• Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC)
• Library of Congress Classification (LCC)
• Colon classification (CC)
• Universal Decimal Classification (UDC)

An enumerative classification system is a system that lists all the specific subject classes. (as opposed to faceted classification). Enumerative classification attempts to assign headings for every subject and alphabetically enumerate them.

An enumerative classification contains a full set of entries for all concepts. A faceted classification system uses a set of semantically cohesive categories that are combined as needed to create an expression of a concept. Ranganathan, a general knowledge classification for libraries.

Enumerative and faceted classification

• Classification schemes basically fall into two types – enumerative and faceted.
• An enumerative classification scheme attempts to enumerate, or list, all subjects.

A classification system in which the classes are formed by combining characteristics or facets of subjects according to a pre-established set of rules (example: Colon Classification developed by S.R. [..]

Analytico-synthetic scheme, according to Ranganathan, is used ‘to denote any scheme in which a compound subject is first analyzed into its facets in the idea plane and later synthesized in the verbal plane and in the notational plane respectively’.

Hierarchical classification is a system of classifying organisms in different hierarchical levels. The domain is the highest rank in the hierarchy followed by division or kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species. Species is the lowest rank in the hierarchy.

Colon Classification, system of library organization developed by the Indian librarian S.R. Ranganathan in 1933. It is general rather than specific in nature, and it can create complex or new categories through the use of facets, or colons.

There are five and only Five Fundamental Categories — viz., Time, Space, Energy, Matter, and Personality.

These are: Fundamental Category Symbol Connecting Symbol Personality [P] , (Comma) Matter [M] ; (Semi colon) Energy [E] : (Colon) Space [S] . (dot) Time [t] ‘ (inverted comma) Fundamental categories (FC) : There are 5 FC, Personality [P], Matter [M], Energy [E], Space [S], and Time[T], PMEST for short.

In CC, facets describe “personality” (the most specific subject), matter, energy, space, and time (PMEST). These facets are generally associated with every item in a library, and so form a reasonably universal sorting system.