Understand why the United States established the three federal court levels. Explain the jurisdictions of the U.S. District Court, the U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals and the U.S. Supreme Court.

The federal court system has three main levels: district courts (the trial court), circuit courts which are the first level of appeal, and the Supreme Court of the United States, the final level of appeal in the federal system.

Florida’s court system consists of the following entities: two appellate level courts (the supreme court and five district courts of appeal) and two trial level courts (20 circuit courts and 67 county courts).

The hierarchy of courts are as follows – 1) Supreme Court, 2) High Courts, & 3) District Courts (other courts are mostly considered as subsidiaries of these courts).

The second level is the federal courts of appeals.

The Florida court system is comprised of the Supreme Court, five district courts of appeal, 20 circuit courts and 67 county courts. Each layer of the Florida judicial system has a distinct role in providing justice to all Floridians.

There are four main types of jurisdiction (arranged from greatest Air Force authority to least): (1) exclusive federal jurisdiction; (2) concurrent federal jurisdic- tion; (3) partial federal jurisdiction; and (4) proprietary jurisdiction. Depending on your installation, more than one type of jurisdiction may apply.

Types of civil cases include:

• Personal Injury Tort Claims. One of the most common cases in civil litigation is personal injury claims.
• Contract Disputes.
• Equitable Claims.
• Class Action Suits.
• Divorce and Family Law Disputes.
• Property Disputes.

Legal issue or issue of law is a legal question which is the foundation of a case. It requires a court’s decision. It can also refer to a point on which the evidence is undisputed, the outcome of which depends on the court’s interpretation of the law.

What is a legal issue?

1. 2) Look for ambiguity in the facts.
2. 3) Find where the opinions disagree.
3. 4) Think about what you don’t understand.

Example of Case Law Application Stacy, a tenant in a duplex owned by Martin, filed a civil lawsuit against her landlord, claiming he had not given her enough notice before raising her rent, citing a new state law that requires a minimum of 90 days’ notice.

8. Rule of Law or Legal Principle Applied: This is the rule of law that the court applies to determine the substantive rights of the parties. The rule of law could derive from a statute, case rule, regulation, or may be a synthesis of prior holdings in similar cases (common law).

Online sources of case law

• BAILII: British and Irish Legal Information Institute.
• Curia.
• HUDOC.

How To Find Free Case Law Online

1. Introduction.
2. Google Scholar.
3. CourtListener.
4. Caselaw Access Project.
5. FindLaw.
6. Justia.

Run a Company Dossier search on Lexis Academic (under “Get Companies Info”). Go to the “legal” section of the Snapshot report for recent federal cases involving the company. (Some non-U.S. cases are available.) Run a company search on Audit Analytics; see “litigation” section.

Criminal Law will deal with serious crimes such as murder, rapes, arson, robbery, assault etc. Civil Law is initiated by the aggrieved individual or organisation or also known as ‘plaintiff. ‘ The Government files the petition in case of criminal law.

Criminal Cases

• assault,
• murder,
• sexual assault, and.
• identity theft.

Misdemeanors are less serious than felonies and carry lighter penalties. Typically, such penalties may include less than a year in jail, community service, fines, rehabilitation and/or probation. Felonies, on the other hand, come with at least a year (and sometimes decades or even a lifetime) in prison.

Civil case: Civil cases usually involve private disputes between persons or organizations. Criminal cases involve an action that is considered to be harmful to society as a whole.

(1) A generic term for all non-criminal law, usually relating to settling disputes between private citizens. (2) A body of laws and legal concepts derived from Roman law as opposed to English common law, which is the framework of most state legal systems.

Civil cases handle almost all other disputes, and typically aim for some sort of recovery. A criminal case is filed by the government and is led by a prosecuting attorney. A civil case is filed by a private party, typically an individual or corporation, against another individual or corporation.

“Public interest Litigation” or PIL is a litigation filed in a court of law, for the protection of “Public Interest”, such as pollution, terrorism, road safety, constructional hazards etc.

A Public Interest Litigation (PIL) is a petition that can be filed by any member of the public for any matter of public interest, for redress of public wrong or injury.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Public interest litigation (PIL) refers to litigation undertaken to secure public interest and demonstrates the availability of justice to socially-disadvantaged parties and was introduced by Justice P. N. Bhagwati.

Public Interest Litigation (PIL), means a legal action initiated in a court of law for the enforcement of public interest or general interest in which the public or class of the community have pecuniary interest or some interest by which their legal rights or liabilities are affected.