Because of their wide application, interferometers come in a variety of shapes and sizes. They are used to measure everything from the smallest variations on the surface of a microscopic organism, to the structure of enormous expanses of gas and dust in the distant Universe, and now, to detect gravitational waves.

: the orientation of a body or figure with respect to a specified reference position as expressed by the amount of rotation necessary to change from one orientation to the other about a specified axis.

Angular velocity is a vector quantity and has both a magnitude and a direction. The direction is the same as the the angular displacement direction from which we defined the angular velocity. Likewise at the final position theta 1, and t1, the angular velocity changes to an angular velocity omega 1.

Field and linear interferometers

• Air-wedge shearing interferometer.
• Astronomical interferometer / Michelson stellar interferometer.
• Classical interference microscopy.
• Common path – Bath.
• Cyclic interferometer.
• Diffraction-grating interferometer (white light)
• Double-slit interferometer.
• Dual-polarization interferometry.

When two monochromatic light beams combine they undergo the phenomenon of interference. Therefore, the resultant light rays carry the characteristics of both the monochromatic light sources. Phenomenon of light used in this way has given rise to the branch of dimension metrology called Interferometry.

What is the purpose of interferometry? A) It allows two or more small telescopes to achieve the angular resolution of a much larger telescope.

Quantitative phase measurements by optical coherence tomography and low coherence interferometry are restricted by the well known 2(pi) ambiguity to path length differences smaller than +/- (lambda) /2. The phase difference is calculated by subtracting the phase values obtained for both recorded signals.

Interferometry is the linking of two or more telescopes together to achieve the angular resolution of a much larger telescope. they can get a higher angular resolution with a smaller overall diameter than one telescope with a very large diameter.

What is interferometry can how can it improve astronomical observations? Interferometry: linking of two or more individual telescopes to achieve angular resolution of a much larger telescope; works by taking advantage of wave-like properties of light that cause interference.