What is a Geologic Feature? The term can be defined as any physical feature of the earth’s surface – or of the rocks exposed at the surface – that is formed by a geologic process. Note that the same definition can be applied to the features of any planet or moon.

A gap is a geological formation that is a low point or opening between hills or mountains or in a ridge or mountain range. It may be called a col, notch, pass, saddle, water gap, or wind gap, and geomorphologically is most often carved by water erosion from a freshet, stream or a river.

Answer. Answer: age of rocks in a specific area, earthquake potential in a specific area.

1. The scientific study of the origin, history, and structure of the earth. 2. The structure of a specific region of the earth’s crust.

1 the scientific study of the origin, history, structure, and composition of the earth. 2 the geological features of a district or country.

Geological processes

• Erosion. Erosion involves the movement of rock fragments through gravity, wind, rain, rivers, oceans and glaciers.
• Landforms. Landforms are features on the Earth’s surface that make up the terrain.
• Weathering. Weathering is the wearing down or breaking of rocks while they are in place.
• Deposition.
• Relief.

Geological processes are events that occur on a geological timescale ranging between millions of centuries, hundreds of meters, and thousands of kilometers. Geological concepts represent an abstraction of nature, and the numerical model represents a tremendous simplification of a geological concept.

Geologic Processes Melting – responsible for creating magmas that result in volcanism. Deformation – responsible for earthquakes, volcanism, landslides, subsidence. Isostatic Adjustment due to buoyancy – responsible for earthquakes, landslides, subsidence. Weathering – responsible for landslides, subsidence.

Earthquakes – Liquefaction (soils), Tsunamis. Volcanic Eruptions – Lava Flows, Ash Fall, Lahars. Landslides – Rock Falls or Slides, Debris Flows, Mud Flows. Floods – Inundation, Erosion.

The most familiar endogenic processes involve vulcanism, metamorphism , earthquakes , crustal warping , folding and faulting .

Endogenic processes in geology are a function of a body’s internal geodynamic activity. They comprise volcanic, tectonic, and isostatic processes, which shaped the surfaces of all terrestrial planets, the Moon, and basically all other Solar System bodies with solid surfaces that have been observed in some detail.

Endogenic (or endogenetic) factors are agents supplying energy for actions that are located within the earth. Exogenic (or exogenetic) factors are agents supplying energy for actions that are located at or near the earth’s surface. Exogenic factors are usually driven by gravity or atmospheric forces.

Mountains, hills, plateaus, and plains are the four major types of landforms. Minor landforms include buttes, canyons, valleys, and basins. Tectonic plate movement under the Earth can create landforms by pushing up mountains and hills.

Endogenic movements: The energy emanating from within the earth is the main force behind endogenic geomorphic processes. The earth movements are mainly of two types: diastrophism and sudden movements. Diastrophism: All processes that move, elevate or build up portions of the earth’s crust come under diastrophism.

There are various theories of the cause of diastrophic movement such as being the result of pressures exerted by convection currents in the mantle or the rise of magma through the crust. Other deformations are caused by meteorite impact and combinations of gravity and erosion such as landslides and slumping.

Weathering, mass wasting, erosion, and deposition are the main exogenic processes. All the exogenic processes are covered under a general term- denudation, which means strip off or uncover. The elements of nature capable of doing these exogenic processes are termed as geomorphic agents (or exogenic geomorphic agents).

In geology, epeirogenic movement (from Greek epeiros, land, and genesis, birth) is upheavals or depressions of land exhibiting long wavelengths and little folding apart from broad undulations. Epeirogenic movements may divert rivers and create drainage divides by upwarping of the crust along axes.

An orogen or orogenic belt develops when a continental plate crumples and is uplifted to form one or more mountain ranges; this involves a series of geological processes collectively called orogenesis. Orogeny is the primary mechanism by which mountains are built on continents.

In contrast to epeirogenic movement, the orogenic movement is a more complicated deformation of the Earth’s crust, associated with crustal thickening (due to the convergence of tectonic plates).