Hydrocarbons are organic compounds that are entirely made up of only two kinds of atoms – carbon and hydrogen. Typically, hydrocarbons are colourless gases that have very weak odours.

There are four main types of hydrocarbons: Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic hydrocarbons. The simplest hydrocarbons are called alkanes.

There are two types of hydrocarbons: aliphatic and aromatic. The three types of aliphatic hydrocarbons are alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes. Aromatic hydrocarbons include benzene. Overall, examples of hydrocarbons are methane, ethane, propane, and butane.

A hydrocarbon is an organic compound consisting of only hydrogen and carbon atoms. They are group 14 hybrids, which means they contain hydrogen, as well as atoms of the carbon 14 group; carbon, silicon, germanium, tin, and lead. Carbon has 4 electrons, which means it has exactly 4 bonds to make, to be stable.

As you go up the fractionating column, the hydrocarbons have:

• lower boiling points.
• lower viscosity (they flow more easily)
• higher flammability (they ignite more easily)

Properties of Hydrocarbons Hydrocarbons are generally nonpolar, which means that their molecules do not have oppositely charged sides. Therefore, they do not dissolve in water, which is a polar compound. In fact, hydrocarbons tend to repel water. That’s why they are used in floor wax and similar products.

As the name suggests, hydrocarbons are made up of just two elements: hydrogen and carbon. In general, the carbon atoms are surrounded by hydrogen atoms to create the molecule structure. There are four main different types of hydrocarbons, which are classified as alkanes, alkenes, alkynes and aromatic hydrocarbons.

Compounds of carbon and hydrogen are called hydrocarbons. For example, methane, ethane, etc.

If someone accidentally drinks a hydrocarbon product and it enters the lungs, breathing problems can develop. Serious injury or even death may result. Hydrocarbons are oily liquids. Many are not harmful unless the oily liquid gets into the lungs.

Natural gas and fuels – Many of the natural fuel sources we use are hydrocarbons. Compounds like methane, butane, propane, and hexane are all hydrocarbons. Their chemical formulas consist of only carbon and hydrogen atoms, in a variety of ratios and chemical configurations.

A hydrocarbon is an organic compound comprising two carbon elements and one hydrogen element. Benzene, paraffin, and methane, for example, are hydrocarbons. We can find hydrocarbons in natural gas, crude oil, coal, and plant life. The simplest hydrocarbon is methane.

Methane

Petroleum and coal are the major sources of hydrocarbons. fractions of hydrocarbons according to boiling point. Fractional distillation separates petroleum into “fractions” ofhydrocarbons: butane (gas), octane (gasoline), dodecane (kerosene), fuel oil, lubricating oil, paraffin wax, and tar-a thick black residue.

Simple aromatic hydrocarbons come from two main sources: Coal and petroleum. Coal is a complex mixture of a large number of compounds, most of which are long-chain compounds. If coal is heated to about 1000 °C in the absence of air (oxygen), volatile components, the so-called tar oil, are stripped out.

alkanes

Difference Between Saturated and Unsaturated Hydrocarbon

Hydrocarbons with only carbon-to-carbon single bonds (C–C) and existing as a continuous chain of carbon atoms also bonded to hydrogen atoms are called alkanes (or saturated hydrocarbons).

Saturated fats increase inflammation in the body, and inflammation has been shown to increase risk of heart disease, diabetes, and other conditions such as arthritis. Choose foods that are low in saturated fat, such as lean protein, turkey, chicken, soy and quinoa for healthy options.

Is c2h2 saturated or unsaturated? Ethane, C2H6, is an alkane and is an example of a saturated hydrocarbon. Ethyne, C2H2, is an alkyne and is also an example of unsaturated hydrocarbon. Aromatic compounds are unsaturated hydrocarbons and contain a benzene ring.

Saturated Hydrocarbons — contain only carbon- carbon single bonds. Unsaturated Hydrocarbons — contain carbon- carbon double or triple bonds (more hydrogens can be added).

Benzene contains 3 conjugated double bonds. So,C6H6 is unsaturated compound.

They are composed entirely of single bonds and are saturated with hydrogen. The formula for acyclic saturated hydrocarbons (i.e., alkanes) is CnH2n+2. The most general form of saturated hydrocarbons is CnH2n+2(1-r), where r is the number of rings. Those with exactly one ring are the cycloalkanes.

Saturated molecules have only sigma bonds, which are very stable and hard to break. Unsaturated molecules, however, have pi bonds, and they are weaker. They deform the orbitals slightly and are more strained. Therefore, they are easier to break and will react faster.

This type of covalent bonding is very strong. But since it is only sp2, there is one p orbital leftover that was not hybridized. This properties of the pi bond is what makes an unsaturated hydrocarbon so much more reactive and unstable compared to a saturated hydrocarbon.

1 : full of moisture : made thoroughly wet. 2a : being a solution that is unable to absorb or dissolve any more of a solute at a given temperature and pressure. b : being an organic compound having no double or triple bonds between carbon atoms saturated fats.

Always suffix -ene contains double bond between carbon atoms and in case of -yne, it contains triple bond between carbon atoms, where as in case of -ane it contains single bond between carbon atoms. Saturated hydrocarons contain single bond between carbon atoms. Hence, here benzene is not a saturated hydrocarbon.