What 2 principles make up Hutton’s uniformitarianism? The geological processes now at work were also active in the past and the present physical features of Earth were formed by these same processes, at work over long periods of time makes up Hutton’s uniformitarianism. You just studied 17 terms!

Both theories acknowledge that the Earth’s landscape was formed and shaped by natural events over geologic time. While catastrophism assumes that these were violent, short-lived, large-scale events, uniformitarianism supports the idea of gradual, long-lived, small-scale events.

Uniformitarianism is a geological theory that describes the processes shaping the earth and the Universe. It states that changes in the earth’s crust throughout history have resulted from the action of uniform, continuous processes that are still occurring today.

Terms in this set (47) Uniformitarianism is the application of actualism. Uniformitarianism is when the theory of actualism is used to interpret the past.

Catastrophism is the theory that the Earth has largely been shaped by sudden, short-lived, violent events, possibly worldwide in scope. This is in contrast to uniformitarianism (sometimes described as gradualism), in which slow incremental changes, such as erosion, created all the Earth’s geological features.

catastrophist(Noun) A catastrophist person: a person who subscribes to a catastrophist theory. catastrophist(Adjective) Of, having, or being a theory that explains a situation by positing one or more catastrophic events, as opposed to gradual changes.

According to catastrophism, the Earth was created 4004 B.C. and is only a few thousand years old. According to uniformitarianism, there was no sign of a beginning or an end of all geologic processes, which occurred over thousands or millions of years. You just studied 58 terms!

“The present is the key to the past” is an idiom that means you can’t fully understand the events of yesterday or why something happened…

Charles Lyell

The idea that the same natural laws and processes that operate on Earth today have operated in the past is an assumption many geologists use in order to better understand the geologic past. This idea is known as uniformitarianism, also defined as “the present is the key to the past”.

Uniformitarianism is the principle that we can infer long term trends from those we have observed over a short period. Many creationists reject the uniformitarian principle and believe that evolution can operate within a species, but cannot produce a new species.

Lyell argued that the formation of Earth’s crust took place through countless small changes occurring over vast periods of time, all according to known natural laws. His “uniformitarian” proposal was that the forces molding the planet today have operated continuously throughout its history.

would and earthquake support the principle of uniformitarianism or the principle of catastrophism? Catastrophism because it causes catastrophies, it causes quaking and shaking damaging buildings and other things. uniformitarianism is in which slow incremental changes , such as erosion, created earths features.

Darwinian evolution uses the principle of uniformitarianism as the central idea of descent with modification that organisms have evolved by slow gradual uniform changes. Using this principle of uniformitarianism rocks can be dated relatively. The simpler the organism the older it is assumed to be.

Steno’s laws of stratigraphy describe the patterns in which rock layers are deposited. The four laws are the law of superposition, law of original horizontality, law of cross-cutting relationships, and law of lateral continuity. Nicolaus Steno was a 17th-century Danish geologist.

the principle of uniformitarianism tell us that The present is the key to the past. As human, we tend to learn from our Previous mistakes and success so we can implement better system , attitude, or belief in the future.

uniformitarianism. The principle that states that geologic processes that occur today are similar to those that have occurred in the past. Theory. the earth works almost exactly the same today as it did in the past.

What is the fundamental difference between uniformitarianism and catastrophism? Catastrophism- states that Earth’s landscapes developed over short time spans primarily as a result of great catastrophes. Uniformitarianism- one of the fundamental principles of modern geology.

The principle of superposition states that, in a series of undisturbed layers, the oldest layer is on the bottom and each overlying layer is progressively younger with the youngest layer on the top.

The LAW OF ORIGINAL HORIZONTALITY states that a series of sedimentary layers will generally be deposited in horizontal layers.

noun. failure or refusal to conform, as with established customs, attitudes, or ideas. (often initial capital letter) refusal to conform to the Church of England. Geology. an unconformity that separates crystalline rocks, either igneous or metamorphic, from sedimentary rocks.

James Hutton

Described by Scotsman James Hutton (1726 – 1997), the Law of Crosscutting Relationships stated that if a fault or other body of rock cuts through another body of rock then it must be younger in age than the rock through which it cuts and displaces.

Thus, we know that the dike is younger than the mudstone, sandstone, and shale. Similarly, the rhyolite dike cuts only the mudstone and the sandstone, but does not cut across the shale. Thus we know that the fault is younger than the limestone and shale, but older than the basalt above.

The Law of Inclusions. If one rock body contains fragments of another rock body it must be younger than the fragments of rock it contains. OR… The inclusions are older than the rocks which contain them.

Inclusions are always older than the rock they are found in. Even if we did not see the igneous and metamorphic rocks in surface exposures, the fact that they occur in the (brownish) sediment unit indicates the presence of older ingneous and metamoprhic rocks that supply material to that unit.