Sigmund Freud (1856 to 1939) was the founding father of psychoanalysis, a method for treating mental illness and also a theory which explains human behavior. Freud believed that events in our childhood have a great influence on our adult lives, shaping our personality.

2 / 2 pts Question 1This 19th Century Russian revolutionary was a political theorist whose TheCommunist Manifesto influenced the development of realism in the theatre. Charles Darwin Sigmund Freud August Comte Karl Marx Correct! Correct!

Sigmund Freud, (born May 6, 1856, Freiberg, Moravia, Austrian Empire [now Příbor, Czech Republic]—died September 23, 1939, London, England), Austrian neurologist and the founder of psychoanalysis. Freud’s article on psychoanalysis appeared in the 13th edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica.

Naturalism was a literary movement taking place from 1865 to 1900 that used detailed realism to suggest that social conditions, heredity, and environment had inescapable force in shaping human character. Naturalistic writers were influenced by the evolution theory of Charles Darwin.

Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution states that evolution happens by natural selection. Individuals in a species show variation in physical characteristics. As a consequence those individuals most suited to their environment survive and, given enough time, the species will gradually evolve.

Branching descent and natural selection are the two key concepts of Darwinian Theory of Evolution.

So main theories of evolution are: (II) Darwinism or Theory of Natural Selection. (III) Mutation theory of De Vries. (IV) Neo-Darwinism or Modern concept or Synthetic theory of evolution.

There are five lines of evidence that support evolution: the fossil record, biogeography, comparative anatomy, comparative embryology, and molecular biology.

Comparing DNA Similar DNA sequences are the strongest evidence for evolution from a common ancestor.

Five types of evidence for evolution are discussed in this section: ancient organism remains, fossil layers, similarities among organisms alive today, similarities in DNA, and similarities of embryos.

Move over, Lucy. And kiss the missing link goodbye. The find reveals that our forebears underwent a previously unknown stage of evolution more than a million years before Lucy, the iconic early human ancestor specimen that walked the Earth 3.2 million years ago.

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Nick Bostrom, director of the Future of Humanity Institute at the University of Oxford, said Darwinian evolution “is happening on a very slow time scale now relative to other things that are leading to changes in the human condition”—cloning, genetic enhancement, robotics, artificial intelligence, and nanotechnology.

Mitochondrial Eve is the most recent common matrilineal ancestor for all modern humans.