Is there any knowledge in the world which is so certain that no reasonable man could doubt it? In the search for certainty, it is natural to begin with our present experiences, and in some sense, no doubt, knowledge is to be derived from them. …

Sense data are the alleged mind-dependent objects that we are directly aware of in perception, and that have exactly the properties they appear to have. For instance, sense data theorists say that, upon viewing a tomato in normal conditions, one forms an image of the tomato in one’s mind.

The theory of sense data is a view in the philosophy of perception, popularly held in the early 20th century by philosophers such as Bertrand Russell, C. D. Sense data are taken to be mind-dependent objects whose existence and properties are known directly to us in perception.

Philosophical work. Russell is generally credited with being one of the founders of analytic philosophy, but he also produced a body of work that covers logic, the philosophy of mathematics, metaphysics, ethics and epistemology.

Skepticism is indeed a serious matterp3, but not a threatening enemy. Instead, if properly formulated, it provides a powerful way to understand the Antinomy of Thought as a plausible account of human thought and its problem of experiencep4, or, so I will argue in this chapter.

In epistemology, skepticism is the view that knowledge of (or justified belief about) something is impossible. The contemporary focus on skepticism tends toward skepticism about the external world, the thesis that knowledge of (or justified belief about) the external world is impossible.

a person who believes that only selfishness motivates human actions and who disbelieves in or minimizes selfless acts or disinterested points of view. a person who shows or expresses a bitterly or sneeringly cynical attitude.

The negative form of question tag of ‘am’ is ‘aren’t’.