In nearly all circumstances human death is a process rather than an event. Unless caught up in nuclear explosions people do not die suddenly, like the bursting of a bubble. A quiet, “classical” death provides perhaps the best illustration of death as a process.

Plato and Socrates define death as the ultimate separation of the soul and body. They regard the body as a prison for the soul and view death as the means of freedom for the soul. Considering Plato and Socrates definition of death, in the life of a true philosopher, death does not occur when bodily functions cease.

In ancient Western philosophy, Plato affirmed both a pre-natal life of the soul and the soul’s continued life after the death of the body.

On this view, Plato’s one over many argument is a linguistic or semantic argument for the existence of forms: there are forms corresponding to every meaningful general term; and forms just are the meanings of such terms.

Nominalism, coming from the Latin word nominalis meaning “of or pertaining to names”, is the ontological theory that reality is only made up of particular items. It denies the real existence of any general entities such as properties, species, universals, sets, or other categories.

The opposite of nominalism is realism.

Aristotle offers a theory of a world of individual things having aspects, both individual and universal. Accordingly Aristotle ends up being a sort of nominalist in his study of being qua being —yet a peculiar sort of nominalist . For the mental states themselves reflect the real structure of the aspects.

neo-Meinongianism

He neither confirmed nor denied nominalism. He neither confirmed nor denied nominalism. Kant was, in many respects, an anti-metaphysician, meaning that he rejected traditional metaphysics, including issues related to nominalism.

At least since Plato, who called them “ideas” or “forms”, properties are viewed as universals, i.e., as capable, (in typical cases) of being instantiated by different objects, “shared” by them, as it were; consequently, in contrast with particulars, or individuals, of being somehow at once in different places.

Ockham’s nominalism does not require the elimination of simple connotative concepts after all; its main relevant thesis, on the contrary, is that their use is ontologically harmless since they do not signify (either primarily or secondarily) anything but individual things, as their nominal definitions are supposed to …

The term “Occam’s Razor” comes from a misspelling of the name William of Ockham. Ockham was a brilliant theologian, philosopher, and logician in the medieval period. The idea is always to cut out extra unnecessary bits, hence the name “razor.” An example will help illustrate this.

What is Occam’s razor? Occam’s razor is the principle that, of two explanations that account for all the facts, the simpler one is more likely to be correct.

In science, it is best known as “What can be done with fewer [assumptions] is done in vain with more.” Assumptions are an important part of science, but unnecessary or unfruitful ones must be pruned. Dante Alighieri, a contemporary of William of Occam, elevated the principle to a virtue.

Hickam’s Dictum

Occam’s Razor is not a valid logical principle. It is, however, a handy dandy heuristic and rule of thumb. It appeals to innate human laziness and dislike of unnecessary complication. But that does not make it a valid principle in the abstract.

They may be easier to falsify, but still require effort. And that the simpler explanation, although having a higher chance of being correct, is not always true. Occam’s razor is not intended to be a substitute for critical thinking. It is merely a tool to help make that thinking more efficient.

For example, if a doctor is examining a patient with a high fever and cough, they may settle on the simplest explanation: the patient has a cold. Occam’s razor is a good rule of thumb if you remember that it depends on making fewer assumptions based on as much evidence as possible.

William of Ockham

the maxim that, given a choice between two hypotheses, the one involving the fewer assumptions should be preferred. In other words, one should apply the law of parsimony and choose simpler explanations over more complicated ones.

The simplicity principle, traditionally referred to as Occam’s razor, is the idea that simpler explanations of observations should be preferred to more complex ones.

1a : the quality of being careful with money or resources : thrift the necessity of wartime parsimony.

Parsimony is defined as extreme frugality or the use of extreme caution in spending money. When you analyze every purchase and are very careful about spending even small amounts of money, this is an example of parsimony. Great reluctance to spend money unnecessarily.

Plato believed that true reality is not found through the senses. Phenomenon is that perception of an object which we recognize through our senses. Plato believed that phenomena are fragile and weak forms of reality. They do not represent an object’s true essence.

Plato says there are three ways to discover Forms: recollection, dialectic and desire.

Indeed, in these passages Plato distinguishes four different cognitive states (i.e., types of knowing) associated with each of the levels of the divided line (and presumably with the allegory): imagination (eikasia), belief (pistis), intellect (dianoia), and reason (noesis).

Even though Aristotle termed reality as concrete, he stated that reality does not make sense or exist until the mind process it. Therefore truth is dependent upon a person’s mind and external factors. According to Aristotle, things are seen as taking course and will eventually come to a stop when potential is reached.

Primary substance are the most real thing for Aristotle because they are subjects to everything else and all other things are either asserted of them or are present in them.

There are competing philosophical views of reality. Main contenders are: common sense, reductive materialism, radical empiricism, and idealism. The lecture will review these, and defend an idealist view – that matter is a projection of mind, and that mental, conscious being is the fundamental form of reality.

The Theory of Reality provides a new approach to experiencing peace and social transformation by addressing the most basic universal questions of humankind- Who are we? The Theory of Reality can change our lives, not only as individuals but also as a society.

While the quantum realm exists in real life, it’s somewhat glorified on screen, as expected, and theoretically, time travel is technically is possible — at least at a subatomic level.

Bell’s theorem asserts that if certain predictions of quantum theory are correct then our world is non-local. “Non-local” here means that there exist interactions between events that are too far apart in space and too close together in time for the events to be connected even by signals moving at the speed of light.

Your thoughts, if you think them over and over, and assign truth to them, become beliefs. Beliefs create a cognitive lens through which you interpret the events of your world and this lens serves as a selective filter through which you sift the environment for evidence that matches up with what you believe to be true.

Let me tell you a little about the Subconscious Mind… Therefore your unconscious mind gets on with the task in hand. It also creates our reality by the perceptions and beliefs it has been programmed with. So you can see how important and dependable it is and how it serves us without question.

Across several studies, Simons and colleagues have noted the brain regions that appear to play a prominent role in our ability to determine reality from imagination: for example, a region at the forefront of the brain called the anterior prefrontal cortex and, in particular, a specific brain fold within that region.

The brain can’t tell the difference between the real and the imagined – is a myth. It is intriguing to wonder why perception differs from person to person, how imagination can evoke a creative frenzy or intrusive memories that debilitate those with PTSD.

Imagination has much to do with reality. It shapes the way we see our reality, and therefore, affects our expectations and hopes, our actions and behavior. Imagination is like a software that programs our behavior, expectations and actions.

about 3 pounds

The human body has two brains, but not two brains as we know them,” Dr Candrawinata said. “Our brain in our head is responsible for our thinking and processing. “This nervous system operates independent of our brain and, as a result, is more or less a legitimate second brain.

The human brain is roughly the size of two clenched fists and weighs about 1.5 kilograms. From the outside it looks a bit like a large walnut, with folds and crevices. Brain tissue is made up of about 100 billion nerve cells (neurons) and one trillion supporting cells which stabilize the tissue.

Like with fingerprints, no two people have the same brain anatomy, a study by researchers of the University of Zurich has shown. This uniqueness is the result of a combination of genetic factors and individual life experiences.

All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. Subscribe to Youth for Human Rights News and get our latest news and updates in your inbox.

People aren’t born smart. People learn how to work with what they’ve got, and become smart as a result.

The truth is that we are not all created equal in our ability to achieve success. Every person has a unique set of strengths, which can aid in achieving the success they desire. Conversely, each person also has their own unique set of challenges that inhibit them in achieving such success.