The service industries (More formally termed: ‘tertiary sector of industry’ by economists) involve the provision of services to businesses as well as final consumers. Such services include accounting, tradesmanship (like mechanic or plumber services), computer services, restaurants, tourism, etc.

The Tertiary has five principal subdivisions, called epochs, which from oldest to youngest are the Paleocene (66 million to 55.8 million years ago), Eocene (55.8 million to 33.9 million years ago), Oligocene (33.9 million to 23 million years ago), Miocene (23 million to 5.3 million years ago), and Pliocene (5.3 million …

2.588 million years ago

The Tertiary Period began abruptly when a meteorite slammed into the earth, leading to a mass extinction that wiped out about 75 percent of all species on Earth, ending the reptile-dominant Cretaceous Period and Mesozoic Era. This event formed the Cretaceous-Tertiary, or K-T, boundary.

It is subdivided into the Palaeocene, Eocene, Oligocene, Miocene, and Pliocene epochs in ascending order. The Tertiary period was characterized by the rise of the modern mammals and the development of shrubs, grasses, and other flowering plants.

The agricultural and allied sector services are known as the Primary Sector. The manufacturing sector is known as the Secondary Sector. The service sector is known as the Tertiary Sector. Raw materials for goods and services are provided for the Primary Sector.

The shoe is finally sold all over the world. The tertiary sector of the Nike shoe is selling it in stores all over the world. The quartiary sector of the shoe is the shoe improvement division in Nike.

Lower Startup Costs One of the main advantages of the tertiary sector is that it has a much lower barrier to entry than starting a business that deals with physical products. For example, opening a manufacturing or retail business requires a large outlay of money that may take years to recoup.

Apple employs what is known as a “unitary organizational form” — U-form for short — which is also known as a “functional organization.” In broad strokes, a U-form organization is organized around expertise, not products: in the case of Apple, that means design is one group (under Ive), product marketing is another ( …

Geniuses

Tim Cook (Aug 24, 2011–)

Nike has a geographic divisional organizational structure. This structure is based on the company’s needs in its global organization, as well as the uniqueness of conditions in regional markets.

John Donahoe (Jan 2020–)

List of the Disadvantages of a Hierarchical Organizational Structure

• It may cause a lack of collaboration.
• It can cause managers to become territorial.
• It may reduce internal innovation.
• It centralizes the power structure.
• It creates a lot of bureaucracy that must be managed.
• It may create communication barriers.

A flat structure elevates each employee’s responsibility inside the organization and eliminates excess management layers to improve coordination and communication. Fewer levels between employees improve the decision-making process among staff. The lack of need for middle management boosts the organization’s budget.

A flat structure is an organisational structure with only a few layers of management. In a flat structure, managers have a wide span of control with more subordinates, and there is usually a short chain of command.

Flat Organizational Structure Fail #1: You can’t manage everyone yourself. While some companies are very intentional in bringing in a flat organizational structure like holacracy, too often, companies fall into it. Many left their corporate job to avoid structure and politics.

A flat organization (also known as horizontal organization or flat hierarchy) has an organizational structure with few or no levels of middle management between staff and executives. Transforming a highly hierarchical organization into a flat organization is known as delayering.

Typically, non hierarchical org charts have two main presentations: flat organizational charts or matrix org charts: The Flat type has fewer layers and individual employee reports to a single leader. The Matrix type has an ever more complex framework with the combination of both divisional and functional departments.