How sex selection works. Preimplantation genetic diagnosis or PGD (alternatively called preimplantation genetic screening or PGS) is the genetic screening of embryos produced by in vitro fertilization (IVF). The procedure costs about $4,000, and is in addition to the $15,000 to $20,000 for IVF….

Thus we have selection at three levels: genic, individual and intergroup all contributing to the maintenance of the t/T polymorphism. Would we expect to detect meiotic drive systems in natural populations?

Genetic selection is the process by which certain traits become more prevalent in a species than other traits. These traits seen in an organism are due to the genes found on their chromosomes. Genes have more than one version or allele.

A selection program which usually focus on several traits of economic importance and basically involves three methods (Hazel and Lush, 1942) such as (1) tandem selection, (2) cull simultaneously, and (3) selection index or total score.

Selection for a single trait is the quickest way to make progress in that individual trait. The more traits being selected means that less progress is made in any one trait. There are two primary methods used for multiple trait selection: selection index and independent culling levels….

The following are examples of economic traits or quantitative traits that we are concerned with swine production are.

• Litter size at birth.
• Litter size born alive.
• Litter size at weaning.
• Birth weight.
• Litter weight at birth.
• Weaning weight.
• Litter weight at weaning.
• Weight at market age.

Independent Culling is a selection strategy whereby a genotype is culled if it does not meet the requirement for a single trait, regardless of its levels on other traits. This strategy guarantees that a genotype that is selected as a new cultivar/variety has no major defects.

In animal breeding, it is the process of removing or segregating animals from a breeding stock based on specific trait. This is done to exaggerate desirable characteristics, or to remove undesirable characteristics by altering the genetic diversity of the population.

Family selection refers to mating of organisms from the same ancestral stock that are not directly related to each other. Pure-line selection involves selecting and breeding progeny from superior organisms for a number of generations until a pure line of organisms with only the desired…

What Are the Pros of Artificial Selection?

• It will allow needed traits to be produced quickly and effectively.
• It creates the potential for added profitability.
• In can enhance the quality of what is being created.
• It can be used in every industry.
• There can be unanticipated consequences of encouraging a specific trait.

List of Disadvantages of Selective Breeding

• It may lead to a lack of variety in plant or animal species.
• Genetic mutations are still going to occur.
• The process of selective breeding becomes about humans only.
• There is no guarantee that the desired traits will pass to the offspring.
• It can create genetic bottlenecks.

This process is immoral as it induces fear and anxiety in whatever animals are being subjected to a new environment. On top of this, artificial selection can have detrimental effects on these animals, such as obesity, diseases, health disorders, and can even lead to smaller brain size.

Artificial selection appeals to humans since it is faster than natural selection and allows humans to mold organisms to their needs. Like many animals kept in human captivity, mating pairs of pigeons are often paired together based on their genetics to achieve the most desirable traits in their offspring….

Artificial selection, also called “selective breeding”, is where humans select for desirable traits in agricultural products or animals, rather than leaving the species to evolve and change gradually without human interference, like in natural selection.

The definition of a selection is a person or thing that’s been picked or are available to pick. An example of a selection is a cat chosen from a litter of kittens. An example of a selection is a litter of kittens to choose from at the humane society.

There are four principles at work in evolution—variation, inheritance, selection and time. These are considered the components of the evolutionary mechanism of natural selection.

Darwin’s process of natural selection has four components.

• Variation. Organisms (within populations) exhibit individual variation in appearance and behavior.
• Inheritance. Some traits are consistently passed on from parent to offspring.
• High rate of population growth.
• Differential survival and reproduction.