Farnesyl pyrophosphate ( FPP ), also known as farnesyl diphosphate ( FDP ), is an intermediate in both the mevalonate and non-mevalonate pathways used by organisms in the biosynthesis of terpenes, terpenoids, and sterols. It is used in the synthesis of CoQ (part of the electron transport chain),…
Q. Are there any drugs that inhibit farnesyl diphosphate synthase?
Q. What kind of taste does farnesyl acetate have?
Farnesyl acetate, also known as farnesylacetic acid, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as sesquiterpenoids. These are terpenes with three consecutive isoprene units. Farnesyl acetate has an oily and wax taste.
Q. How is farnesol produced in plants and animals?
Farnesol. Farnesol is produced from 5-carbon isoprene compounds in both plants and animals. Phosphate activated derivatives of farnesol are the building blocks of most, and possibly all, acyclic sesquiterpenoids. These compounds are doubled to form 30-carbon squalene, which in turn is the precursors for steroids in plants, animals, and fungi.
Q. What are phosphate activated derivatives of farnesol used for?
Phosphate-activated derivatives of farnesol are the building blocks of possibly all,l acyclic sesquiterpenoids. These compounds are doubled to form 30-carbon squalene, which in turn is the precursors for steroids in plants, animals, and fungi.
It is especially used in lilac perfumes. Farnesol is a natural pesticide for mites and is a pheromone for several other insects. In a 1994 report released by five top cigarette companies, farnesol was listed as one of 599 additives to cigarettes.
Q. How is farnesyl diphosphate used in the biosynthesis of terpenes?
Bisphosphonates are antimalarial agents that inhibit the Plasmodium enzyme farnesyl diphosphate synthase (Section 16.2). 59,62,94,95 However, a couple of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (108 & 109) were also found to be moderate inhibitors of E. coli DXR (Fig. 9.37).
Q. How does farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase catalyze the condensation reaction?
Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (a prenyl transferase) catalyzes sequential condensation reactions of dimethylallyl pyrophosphate with 2 units of 3-isopentenyl pyrophosphate to form farnesyl pyrophosphate, as is shown in the following two steps:
